• William T Mahle, Susan C Nicolson, Danielle Hollenbeck-Pringle, Michael G Gaies, Madolin K Witte, Eva K Lee, Michelle Goldsworthy, Paul C Stark, Kristin M Burns, Mark A Scheurer, David S Cooper, Ravi Thiagarajan, V Ben Sivarajan, Steven D Colan, Marcus S Schamberger, Lara S Shekerdemian, and Pediatric Heart Network Investigators.
• 1Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.2Department of Anesthesia, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.3New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA.4Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.5Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.6Industrial Engineering Department, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.7Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.8National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD.9Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.10Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH.11Cardiology Department, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.12Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.13Department of Pediatrics, Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, IN.
• Pediatr Crit Care Me. 2016 Oct 1; 17 (10): 939-947.

ObjectiveTo determine whether a collaborative learning strategy-derived clinical practice guideline can reduce the duration of endotracheal intubation following infant heart surgery.DesignProspective and retrospective data collected from the Pediatric Heart Network in the 12 months pre- and post-clinical practice guideline implementation at the four sites participating in the collaborative (active sites) compared with data from five Pediatric Heart Network centers not participating in collaborative learning (control sites).SettingTen children's hospitals.PatientsData were collected for infants following two-index operations: 1) repair of isolated coarctation of the aorta (birth to 365 d) and 2) repair of tetralogy of Fallot (29-365 d). There were 240 subjects eligible for the clinical practice guideline at active sites and 259 subjects at control sites.InterventionsDevelopment and application of early extubation clinical practice guideline.Measurements And Main ResultsAfter clinical practice guideline implementation, the rate of early extubation at active sites increased significantly from 11.7% to 66.9% (p < 0.001) with no increase in reintubation rate. The median duration of postoperative intubation among active sites decreased from 21.2 to 4.5 hours (p < 0.001). No statistically significant change in early extubation rates was found in the control sites 11.7% to 13.7% (p = 0.63). At active sites, clinical practice guideline implementation had no statistically significant impact on median ICU length of stay (71.9 hr pre- vs 69.2 hr postimplementation; p = 0.29) for the entire cohort. There was a trend toward shorter ICU length of stay in the tetralogy of Fallot subgroup (71.6 hr pre- vs 54.2 hr postimplementation, p = 0.068).ConclusionsA collaborative learning strategy designed clinical practice guideline significantly increased the rate of early extubation with no change in the rate of reintubation. The early extubation clinical practice guideline did not significantly change postoperative ICU length of stay.

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