• Eliza A Hawkes, Andrew Grigg, and Geoff Chong.
• Department of Medical Oncology and Clinical Haematology, Olivia Newton John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: eliza.hawkes@onjcri.org.au.
• Lancet Oncol.. 2015 May 1;16(5):e234-45.

AbstractCancers can evade the host immune system by inducing upregulation of immune inhibitory signals. Anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies block these inhibitory signals allowing the host to mount an immune response against malignant cells. This class of drugs is active in solid tumours, where upregulation of cell-surface PD-1 ligand proteins is nearly uniform. Because lymphoma is a malignancy of immune system cells, the role of the PD-1 pathway in these neoplasms is more complex. However, early clinical trials using PD-1 inhibitors have shown significant clinical activity in various subtypes of relapsed lymphoma. In this Review, we assess the scientific literature on the role of the PD-1 pathway in lymphoma, the relevant clinical data for PD-1 inhibition, and future strategies for this next generation of anticancer agents.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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