• Onlak Makdee, Apichaya Monsomboon, Usapan Surabenjawong, Nattakarn Praphruetkit, Wansiri Chaisirin, Tipa Chakorn, Chairat Permpikul, Phakphoom Thiravit, and Tanyaporn Nakornchai.
• Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
• Ann Emerg Med. 2017 Oct 1; 70 (4): 465-472.e2.

Study ObjectiveHigh-flow nasal cannula is a new method for delivering high-flow supplemental oxygen for victims of respiratory failure. This randomized controlled trial compares high-flow nasal cannula with conventional oxygen therapy in emergency department (ED) patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema.MethodsWe conducted an open-label randomized controlled trial in the ED of Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Patients aged 18 years or older with cardiogenic pulmonary edema were randomly assigned to receive either conventional oxygen therapy or high-flow nasal cannula. The primary outcome was the respiratory rate 60 minutes postintervention.ResultsWe enrolled 128 participants (65 in the conventional oxygen therapy and 63 in the high-flow nasal cannula groups). Baseline high-flow nasal cannula and conventional oxygen therapy mean respiratory rates were 28.7 breaths/min (SD 3.2) and 28.6 breaths/min (SD 3.5). Mean respiratory rates at 60 minutes postintervention were lower in the high-flow nasal cannula group (21.8 versus 25.1 breaths/min; difference 3.3; 95% confidence interval 1.9 to 4.6). No significant differences were found in the admission rate, ED and hospital lengths of stay, noninvasive ventilation, intubation, or mortality.ConclusionIn patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema in the ED, high-flow nasal cannula therapy may decrease the severity of dyspnea during the first hour of treatment.Copyright © 2017 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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