• Annals of surgery · Dec 2018

    Multicenter Study

    Impact of Extracapsular Lymph Node Involvement After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy Followed by Surgery in Carcinoma of the Esophagus: A Multicenter Study.

    • Lieven P Depypere, Johnny Moons, Christophe Mariette, Xavier B D'Journo, Pascal A Thomas, Arnulf H Hölscher, Elfriede Bollschweiler, Mark I van Berge-Henegouwen, Jan J B Van Lanschot, Toni E M R Lerut, and Philippe R Nafteux.
    • Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
    • Ann. Surg. 2018 Dec 1; 268 (6): 1000-1007.

    ObjectivesThe current study aims to examine the impact of extracapsular lymph node involvement (EC-LNI) on survival for both esophageal adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) followed by surgery.BackgroundStudies have demonstrated the negative prognostic value of EC-LNI in primary surgery, but its impact after nCRT remains unclear.MethodsFrom the databases of 6 European high-volume centers 1505 patients with R0 resections were withheld. Oncologic variables, including ypT, ypN, number of positive lymph nodes, and lymph node capsular status: EC-LNI and intracapsular lymph node involvement (IC-LNI), were examined. Statistical analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazards modeling.ResultsIn SCC 182 patients (31.6%) had positive lymph nodes, of whom 60 (33.0%) showed EC-LNI. In AC 391 patients (42.1%) had positive lymph nodes, of whom 147 (37.6%) showed EC-LNI. Overall 5-year survival (O5YS) in SCC was 42.0%. Presence of EC-LNI meant a significantly worse O5YS than IC-LNI or pN0 (10.6%, 39.5%, and 47.4%, respectively; P < 0.05). O5YS in AC was 41.2%. No significant difference was observed between EC-LNI and IC-LNI (P = 0.322). In the multivariate analysis, among the examined possible prognosticators, presence of EC-LNI showed the highest hazard ratio (2.29, confidence interval: 1.52-3.47) as an independent prognosticator for overall survival in SCC, but it was not in AC.ConclusionsBased on this international multicenter study, the presence of EC-LNI after nCRT is at least as important as N-stage for survival and EC-LNI is the strongest prognosticator for overall survival in SCC but not in AC.

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