• Matthieu Jamme, Fabrice Daviaud, Julien Charpentier, Nathalie Marin, Michaël Thy, Yannick Hourmant, Jean-Paul Mira, and Frédéric Pène.
• Service de réanimation médicale, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
• Crit. Care Med. 2017 Dec 1; 45 (12): 2031-2039.

ObjectivesTo address the impact of underlying immune conditions on the course of septic shock with respect to both mortality and the development of acute infectious and noninfectious complications.DesignAn 8-year (2008-2015) monocenter retrospective study.SettingA medical ICU in a tertiary care center.PatientsPatients diagnosed for septic shock within the first 48 hours of ICU admission were included. Patients were classified in four subgroups with respect to their immune status: nonimmunocompromised and immunocompromised distributed into hematologic or solid malignancies and nonmalignant immunosuppression. Outcomes were in-hospital death and the development of ischemic and hemorrhagic complications and ICU-acquired infections. The determinants of death and complications were addressed by multivariate competing risk analysis.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsEight hundred one patients were included. Among them, 305 (38%) were immunocompromised, distributed into solid tumors (122), hematologic malignancies (106), and nonmalignant immunosuppression (77). The overall 3-day, in-ICU, and in-hospital mortality rates were 14.1%, 37.3%, and 41.3%, respectively. Patients with solid tumors displayed increased in-hospital mortality (cause-specific hazard, 2.20 [95% CI, 1.64-2.96]; p < 0.001). ICU-acquired infections occurred in 211 of the 3-day survivors (33%). In addition, 95 (11.8%) and 70 (8.7%) patients exhibited severe ischemic or hemorrhagic complications during the ICU stay. There was no association between the immune status and the occurrence of ICU-acquired infections. Nonmalignant immunosuppression and hematologic malignancies were independently associated with increased risks of severe ischemic events (cause-specific hazard, 2.12 [1.14-3.96]; p = 0.02) and hemorrhage (cause-specific hazard, 3.17 [1.41-7.13]; p = 0.005), respectively.ConclusionsThe underlying immune status impacts on the course of septic shock and on the susceptibility to ICU-acquired complications. This emphasizes the complexity of sepsis syndromes in relation with comorbid conditions and raises the question of the relevant endpoints in clinical studies.

49 keywords...

hide…