• Maria Vargas, Yuda Sutherasan, Iole Brunetti, Camilla Micalizzi, Angelo Insorsi, Lorenzo Ball, Marta Folentino, Rosanna Sileo, Arduino De Lucia, Manuela Cerana, Alessandro Accattatis, Domenico De Lisi, Angelo Gratarola, Francesco Mora, Giorgio Peretti, Giuseppe Servillo, and Paolo Pelosi.
• Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, San Martino Policlinic Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy - vargas.maria82@gmail.com.
• Minerva Anestesiol. 2018 Sep 1; 84 (9): 1024-1031.

BackgroundQuality of life and mortality after percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy (PDT) has been poorly investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the independent risk factors for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) mortality and investigate quality of life over the first year after PDT in critically ill patients.MethodsThis was a prospective, single-center, cohort study performed in a tertiary care University Hospital, enrolling consecutive ICU patients requiring elective PDT, collecting data during the tracheotomy procedure and the ICU stay. Follow-up was performed at three, six and twelve months after PDT. The medical interview included the Euro Quality of Life questionnaire comprising five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression).ResultsA total of 137 patients were included in the study. In the multivariate analysis, ICU mortality was independently associated with age (OR 1.089; P=0.003) and SAPS II (OR 1.047; P=0.003), and inversely with neurologic disease (OR 0.162; P=0.004). Mortality increased over time (ICU mortality 26.7%; in-hospital mortality 43.1%; 3-months mortality 47.4%; 6-months mortality 61.3%; and 1-year mortality 70.8%; P=0.0001). Tracheostomized patients due to respiratory disease had a higher ICU mortality (50%) compared to those with neurological disease (13.6%). quality of life (QoL) of tracheostomized patients was severely compromised at 3-months (QoL: 17, 15-19), 6-months (QoL: 17; 16-19), while moderately compromised at 1-year (QoL: 13; 9-16). A subgroup analysis showed better QoL at 3-months, 6-months and 1-year in respiratory compared to neurological tracheostomized patients (P=0.01).ConclusionsPatients baseline characteristics and indication for PDT procedure are important determinants of in-ICU mortality and QoL in tracheostomized patients.

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