• Curr Opin Crit Care · Dec 2018

    Review

    Regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy.

    • Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Timo Brandenburger, and Thomas Dimski.
    • Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
    • Curr Opin Crit Care. 2018 Dec 1; 24 (6): 450-454.

    Purpose Of ReviewThe delivery of an effective dialysis dose in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) depends on adequate anticoagulation of the extracorporeal circuit. In most patients, either systemic heparin anticoagulation (SHA) or regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) is used. This review will outline the basics and rationale of RCA and summarize data on safety and efficacy of both techniques.Recent FindingsThe basic principle of RCA is to reduce the level of ionized calcium in the extracorporeal circuit via infusion of citrate. This way, effective anticoagulation restricted to the extracorporeal circuit is achieved. SHA and RCA were compared in a variety of studies. RCA significantly prolonged filter lifetime, reduced bleeding complications and provided excellent control of uremia and acid-base status. RCA was also safe in the majority of patients with impaired liver function, whereas caution must be exerted in those with severe multiorgan failure and persistent hyperlactatemia.SummaryRCA per se is safe and effective for anticoagulation of CRRT. Compared to SHA, efficacy of anticoagulation is improved and adverse effects are reduced. RCA can be recommended as the anticoagulation mode of choice for CRRT in most ICU patients.

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