• Lise R Øie, Mattis A Madsbu, Ole Solheim, Asgeir S Jakola, Charalampis Giannadakis, Anders Vorhaug, Llewellyn Padayachy, Heidi Jensberg, David Dodick, Øyvind Salvesen, and Sasha Gulati.
• Department of Neurology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
• Brain Behav. 2018 Oct 1; 8 (10): e01113.

BackgroundAccurate and reliable clinical and radiological predictors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes are needed to optimize treatment of ICH. The aim of this study was to investigate functional outcome and identify predictors of severe disability or death following ICH.Materials And MethodsRetrospective population-based study of spontaneous ICH. Clinical and radiological data were obtained from electronic medical records, and functional outcome estimated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) before ICH and at 3 and 12 months after ICH.ResultsFour hundred and fifty-two patients were included (mean age 74.8 years, 45.6% females). Proportion of fatal outcome at 1 week was 22.1%, at 3 months 39.2%, and at 12 months 44.9%. Median mRS score before the ICH was 1 (interquartile range [IQR] 2); for survivors at 3 months, it was 5 (IQR 3); and at 12 months, it was 3 (IQR 2). Independent predictors of severe disability (mRS of 5) or death (mRS of 6) were use of oral antithrombotic drugs (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3-3.8, p = 0.04), mRS score before the ICH (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.2, p < 0.001), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission (OR 8.3, 95% CI 3.5-19.7, p < 0.001), hematoma volume >60 ml (OR 4.5, 05% CI 2.0-10.2, p < 0.001), and intraventricular hematoma extension (OR 1.8, 95% CI 0.8-4.2, p < 0.001).ConclusionIntracerebral hemorrhage is associated with high mortality, and more than one third of survivors end up with severe disability or death 3 months later. Predictors of severe disability or death were use of oral antithrombotic drugs, functional disability prior to ICH, low GCS on admission, larger hematoma volume, and intraventricular hematoma extension.© 2018 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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