• Rodrigo Octavio Deliberato, Ary Serpa Neto, Matthieu Komorowski, David J Stone, Stephanie Q Ko, Lucas Bulgarelli, Carolina Rodrigues Ponzoni, Renato Carneiro de Freitas Chaves, Leo Anthony Celi, and Johnson Alistair E W AEW MIT Critical Data, Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, MIT, Cambridge, MA..
• Laboratory for Critical Care Research, Critical Care Department, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
• Crit. Care Med. 2019 Feb 1; 47 (2): 247-253.

ObjectivesAlthough one third or more of critically ill patients in the United States are obese, obesity is not incorporated as a contributing factor in any of the commonly used severity of illness scores. We hypothesize that selected severity of illness scores would perform differently if body mass index categorization was incorporated and that the performance of these score models would improve after consideration of body mass index as an additional model feature.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis from a multicenter ICU database which contains deidentified data for more than 200,000 ICU admissions from 208 distinct ICUs across the United States between 2014 and 2015.SettingFirst ICU admission of patients with documented height and weight.PatientsOne-hundred eight-thousand four-hundred two patients from 189 different ICUs across United States were included in the analyses, of whom 4,661 (4%) were classified as underweight, 32,134 (30%) as normal weight, 32,278 (30%) as overweight, 30,259 (28%) as obese, and 9,070 (8%) as morbidly obese.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsTo assess the effect of adding body mass index as a risk adjustment element to the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV and Oxford Acute Severity of Illness scoring systems, we examined the impact of this addition on both discrimination and calibration. We performed three assessments based upon 1) the original scoring systems, 2) a recalibrated version of the systems, and 3) a recalibrated version incorporating body mass index as a covariate. We also performed a subgroup analysis in groups defined using World Health Organization guidelines for obesity. Incorporating body mass index into the models provided a minor improvement in both discrimination and calibration. In a subgroup analysis, model discrimination was higher in groups with higher body mass index, but calibration worsened.ConclusionsThe performance of ICU prognostic models utilizing body mass index category as a scoring element was inconsistent across body mass index categories. Overall, adding body mass index as a risk adjustment variable led only to a minor improvement in scoring system performance.

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