• Daniela Mamo, Alberto Zangrillo, Luca Cabrini, Carlo Leggieri, Luigi Olper, Fabrizio Monaco, Pasquale Nardelli, Giuseppe Dalessandro, Giuseppe Ponzetta, Giacomo Monti, Giovanni Landoni, and Massimiliano Greco.
• Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2019 Jun 1; 33 (6): 1639-1645.

ObjectiveTo assess the beneficial effects of noninvasive ventilation in treating postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) open repair surgery.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingUniversity tertiary-care hospital.ParticipantsForty patients who underwent elective TAAA open repair.InterventionsPatients were randomized to the "noninvasive ventilation" group, receiving 2-hour cycles of noninvasive ventilation every 8 hours for at least 3 days in addition to the best available postoperative treatment currently in use at the authors' institution versus the "standard" group, not receiving noninvasive ventilation treatment MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary outcome of clinical worsening, described as a composite outcome of need for therapeutic noninvasive ventilation, need for mechanical ventilation owing to respiratory causes, need for intensive care unit admission owing to respiratory causes, and in-hospital mortality, occurred in 2 (11%) patients in the noninvasive ventilation group versus 12 (57%) in the standard group (p = 0.002; relative risk 0.18; 95% confidence interval 0.047-0.72).ConclusionNoninvasive ventilation is a promising, affordable, and easy-to-use tool to prevent postoperative respiratory complications after TAAA open surgical repair.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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