• Yinan Li, Wei Zhao, Qipeng Luo, Xie Wu, Jie Ding, and Fuxia Yan.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Skate Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2019 May 1; 33 (5): 1269-1275.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) administration on outcomes in pediatric cardiac surgery patients with postoperative bleeding.DesignA propensity score-matched retrospective study.SettingSingle tertiary medical center.ParticipantsThe study comprised 151 patients who received treatment with rFVIIa and were matched with control patients at a 1:2 ratio.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsThe primary endpoints were thrombotic events, renal replacement therapy (RRT), and mortality. The secondary endpoints were length of intensive care unit stay and the reexploration rate. Patients in the rFVIIa group showed no significant differences in thrombotic events (odds ratio [OR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48-2.21; p = 0.948), mortality (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.42-2.13; p = 0.891), and RRT (OR 1.38; 95% CI 0.73-2.58; p = 0.319). However, patients in the rFVIIa group experienced a prolonged length of intensive care unit stay (5.65 [3.00-12.28] d v 3.91 [1.83-6.77] d) and an increased reexploration rate (8.2% v 3.1%). High-dose rFVIIa was an independent risk factor of thrombotic events (OR 5.17; 95% CI 1.19-22.49; p = 0.029).ConclusionThis study found that rFVIIa is not associated with increased risks of postoperative thrombotic events, mortality, or RRT in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Nevertheless, rFVIIa was associated with longer intensive care unit stay and increased reexploration rate. Furthermore, the risk for thrombotic events may increase with high-dose rFVIIa.Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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