• Andrew P Black, Hassan Vally, Peter S Morris, Mark Daniel, Adrian J Esterman, Fiona E Smith, and Kerin O'Dea.
• Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia. ablack@bulgarr.com.au
• Med. J. Aust. 2013 Jul 8; 199 (1): 465046-50.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a fruit and vegetable subsidy program on short-term health outcomes of disadvantaged Aboriginal children.Design, Setting And ParticipantsA before-and-after study involving clinical assessments, health record audits and blood testing of all children aged 0-17 2013s (n = 167) from 55 participating families at baseline and after 12 months at three Aboriginal community-controlled health services in New South Wales. All assessments were completed between December 2008 and September 2010.InterventionA weekly box of subsidised fruit and vegetables linked to preventive health services and nutrition promotion at an Aboriginal Medical Service.Main Outcome MeasuresChange in episodes of illness, health service and emergency department attendances, antibiotic prescriptions and anthropometry.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in oral antibiotics prescribed (- 0.5 prescriptions/2013; 95% CI, - 0.8 to - 0.2) during 12 months of participation in the program compared with the 12 months before the program. The proportion of children classified as overweight or obese at baseline was 28.3% (38/134) and the proportion in each weight category did not change (P = 0.721) after 12 months. A small but significant increase in mean haemoglobin level (3.1 g/L; 95% CI, 1.4-4.8 g/L) was shown, although the proportion with iron deficiency (baseline, 41%; follow-up, 37%; P = 0.440) and anaemia (baseline, 8%; follow-up, 5%; P = 0.453) did not change significantly.Conclusionit and vegetable subsidy program was associated with improvements in some indicators of short-term health status among disadvantaged Aboriginal children. A controlled trial is warranted to investigate the sustainability and feasibility of healthy food subsidy programs in Australia.

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