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Pediatric emergency care · Jul 2019
ReviewCurrent Approach to the Evaluation and Management of Septic Arthritis.
- Michael Gottlieb, Dallas Holladay, and Melissa Rice.
- Assistant Professor and Director of Ultrasound (Gottlieb), Assistant Professor and Assistant Director of Ultrasound (Holladay), and Assistant Professor (Rice), Department of Emergency Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
- Pediatr Emerg Care. 2019 Jul 1; 35 (7): 509-513.
AbstractSeptic arthritis is an emergent condition caused by bacterial infection of a joint space. The most common etiology is hematogenous spread from bacteremia, but it can also occur from direct inoculation from bites, injection injuries, cellulitis, abscesses, or local trauma. Septic arthritis occurs most frequently in the lower extremities, with the hips and knees serving as the most common locations. The most sensitive findings include pain with motion of the joint, limited range of motion, tenderness of the joint, new joint swelling, and new effusion. Laboratory testing and imaging can support the diagnosis, but the criterion standard is diagnostic arthrocentesis. Treatment involves intravenous antibiotics and joint decompression.
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