• Chest · Dec 2019

    Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients at-risk for Early and Long-term Cardiovascular Events are Identified by Cardiac Biomarkers.

    • Rosario Menéndez, Raúl Méndez, Irene Aldás, Soledad Reyes, Paula Gonzalez-Jimenez, Pedro Pablo España, Jordi Almirall, Ricardo Alonso, Marta Suescun, Luis Martinez-Dolz, and Antoni Torres.
    • Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES, CB06/06/0028), Madrid, Spain; University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: rosmenend@gmail.com.
    • Chest. 2019 Dec 1; 156 (6): 1080-1091.

    BackgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) increases the risk of cardiovascular complications during and following the episode. The goal of this study was to determine the usefulness of cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers for assessing the risk of early (within 30 days) or long-term (1-year follow-up) cardiovascular events.MethodsA total of 730 hospitalized patients with CAP were prospectively followed up during 1 year. Cardiovascular (proadrenomedullin [proADM], pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP), proendothelin-1, and troponin T) and inflammatory (interleukin 6 [IL-6], C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin) biomarkers were measured on day 1, at day 4/5, and at day 30.ResultsNinety-two patients developed an early event, and 67 developed a long-term event. Significantly higher initial levels of proADM, proendothelin-1, troponin, proBNP, and IL-6 were recorded in patients who developed cardiovascular events. Despite a decrease at day 4/5, levels remained steady until day 30 in those who developed late events. Biomarkers (days 1 and 30) independently predicted cardiovascular events adjusted for age, previous cardiac disease, Pao2/Fio2 < 250 mm Hg, and sepsis: ORs (95% CIs), proendothelin-1, 2.25 (1.34-3.79); proADM, 2.53 (1.53-4.20); proBNP, 2.67 (1.59-4.49); and troponin T, 2.70 (1.62-4.49) for early events. For late events, the ORs (95% CIs) were: proendothelin-1, 3.13 (1.41-7.80); proADM, 2.29 (1.01-5.19); and proBNP, 2.34 (1.01-5.56). Addition of IL-6 levels at day 30 to proendothelin-1 or proADM increased the ORs to 3.53 and 2.80, respectively.ConclusionsCardiac biomarkers are useful for identifying patients with CAP at high risk for early and long-term cardiovascular events. They may aid personalized treatment optimization and for designing future interventional studies to reduce cardiovascular risk.Copyright © 2019 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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