• Thomas Engelhardt, John E Fiadjoe, Markus Weiss, Paul Baker, Stephanie Bew, Piedad Echeverry Marín, and Britta S von Ungern-Sternberg.
• Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Children's Hospital Aberdeen and School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
• Paediatr Anaesth. 2019 Oct 1; 29 (10): 985-992.

AbstractCritical airway incidents in children are a frequent problem in pediatric anesthesia and remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Young children are at particular risk in the perioperative period. Delayed management of airway obstruction can quickly lead to serious complications due to the short apnea tolerance in children. A simple, time critical, and pediatric-specific airway management approach combined with dedicated teaching, training, and frequent practice will help to reduce airway-related pediatric morbidity and mortality. There is currently no pediatric-specific universal framework available to guide practice. Current algorithms are modifications of adult approaches which are often inappropriate because of differences in age-related anatomy, physiology, and neurodevelopment. A universal and pragmatic approach is required to achieve acceptance across diverse pediatric clinicians, societies, and groups. Such a framework will also help to establish minimum standards for pediatric airway equipment, personnel, and medications whenever pediatric airway management is required.© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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