• Hangyong He, Bing Sun, Lirong Liang, Yanming Li, He Wang, Luqing Wei, Guofeng Li, Shuliang Guo, Jun Duan, Yuping Li, Ying Zhou, Yusheng Chen, Hongru Li, Jingping Yang, Xiyuan Xu, Liqiang Song, Jie Chen, Yong Bao, Feng Chen, Ping Wang, Lixi Ji, Yongxiang Zhang, Yanyan Ding, Liangan Chen, Ying Wang, Lan Yang, Tian Yang, Heng Weng, Hongyan Li, Daoxin Wang, Jin Tong, Yongchang Sun, Ran Li, Faguang Jin, Chunmei Li, Bei He, Lina Sun, Changzheng Wang, Mingdong Hu, Xiaohong Yang, Qin Luo, Jin Zhang, Hai Tan, Chen Wang, and ENIVA Study Group.
• Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
• Crit Care. 2019 Sep 4; 23 (1): 300.

RationaleOur pilot study suggested that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) reduced the need for intubation compared with conventional administration of oxygen on patients with "early" stage of mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS, PaO2/FIO2 between 200 and 300).ObjectivesTo evaluate whether early NIV can reduce the need for invasive ventilation in patients with pneumonia-induced early mild ARDS.MethodsProspective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of NIV compared with conventional administration of oxygen through a Venturi mask. Primary outcome included the numbers of patients who met the intubation criteria.ResultsTwo hundred subjects were randomized to NIV (n = 102) or control (n = 98) groups from 21 centers. Baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups. In the NIV group, PaO2/FIO2 became significantly higher than in the control group at 2 h after randomization and remained stable for the first 72 h. NIV did not decrease the proportion of patients requiring intubation than in the control group (11/102 vs. 9/98, 10.8% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.706). The ICU mortality was similar in the two groups (7/102 vs. 7/98, 4.9% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.721). Multivariate analysis showed minute ventilation greater than 11 L/min at 48 h was the independent risk factor for NIV failure (OR, 1.176 [95% CI, 1.005-1.379], p = 0.043).ConclusionsTreatment with NIV did not reduce the need for intubation among patients with pneumonia-induced early mild ARDS, despite the improved PaO2/FIO2 observed with NIV compared with standard oxygen therapy. High minute ventilation may predict NIV failure.Trial RegistrationNCT01581229 . Registered 19 April 2012.

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