• Roel R I van Reij, Joosten Elbert A J EAJ Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School for Mental Health and , and Nynke J van den Hoogen.
• Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.vanreij@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
• Br J Anaesth. 2019 Dec 1; 123 (6): 853-864.

AbstractChronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) is a debilitating condition affecting 10-50% of surgical patients. The current treatment strategy for CPSP is not optimal, and the identification of genetic variation in surgical patients might help to improve prediction and treatment of CPSP. The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) has been associated with several chronic pain disorders. This narrative review focuses on DA neurotransmission as a potential target in the treatment of CPSP. The current knowledge on genetic variation within DA neurotransmission and its role in CPSP susceptibility are reviewed. Three genes involved in DA neurotransmission (COMT, GCH1, and DRD2) have been associated with variability in pain sensitivity, development of CPSP, and analgesic requirement. The direction of the effect of the association is sometimes inconclusive because of contradictory results, but ample evidence suggests a modulatory role of DA. Because of this modulatory role, DA is an excellent pharmacological target in the treatment of pain. Pharmacotherapy focused on DA neurotransmission has potential in both prevention (via D1-like receptors) and treatment (via D2-like receptors and DA reuptake inhibitors) of CPSP. The development of prediction models including genetic risk factors is necessary to better identify patients at risk.Copyright © 2019 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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