• Annals of surgery · Nov 2019

    Procedural Surgical RCTs in Daily Practice: Do Surgeons Adopt Or Is It Just a Waste of Time?

    • Christian E Oberkofler, Jacob F Hamming, Roxane D Staiger, Philippe Brosi, Sebastiano Biondo, Olivier Farges, Dink A Legemate, Mario Morino, Antonio D Pinna, Hugo Pinto-Marques, John V Reynolds, Ricardo Robles Campos, Xavier Rogiers, Kjetil Soreide, Milo A Puhan, Pierre-Alain Clavien, and Inne Borel Rinkes.
    • Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
    • Ann. Surg. 2019 Nov 1; 270 (5): 727-734.

    ObjectiveTo assess the adoption of recommendation from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and investigate factors favoring or preventing adoption.BackgroundRCT are considered to be the cornerstone of evidence-based medicine by representing the highest level of evidence. As such, we expect RCT's recommendations to be followed rigorously in daily surgical practice.MethodsWe performed a structured search for RCTs published in the medical and surgical literature from 2009 to 2013, allowing a minimum of 5-year follow-up to convincingly test implementation. We focused on comparative technical or procedural RCTs trials addressing the domains of general, colorectal, hepatobiliary, upper gastrointestinal and vascular surgery. In a second step we composed a survey of 29 questions among ESA members as well as collaborators from their institutions to investigate the adoption of surgical RCTs recommendation.ResultsThe survey based on 36 RCTs (median 5-yr citation index 85 (24-474), from 21 different countries, published in 15 high-ranked journals with a median impact factor of 3.3 (1.23-7.9) at the time of publication. Overall, less than half of the respondents (47%) appeared to adhere to the recommendations of a specific RCT within their field of expertise, even when included in formal guidelines. Adoption of a new surgical practice was favored by watching videos (46%) as well as assisting live operations (18%), while skepticism regarding the methodology of a surgical RCT (40%) appears to be the major reason to resist adoption.ConclusionIn conclusion, surgical RCTs appear to have moderate impact on daily surgical practice. While RCTs are still accepted to provide the highest level of evidence, alternative methods of evaluating surgical innovations should also be explored.

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