• Jun Wang, Francisco A Ponce, Jun Tao, Hong-Mei Yu, Ji-Yuan Liu, Yun-Jie Wang, Guo-Ming Luan, and Shao-Wu Ou.
• Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R., China.
• Neuromodulation. 2020 Jun 1; 23 (4): 444-450.

ObjectivesDeep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD) has been applied to clinic for approximately 30 years. The goal of this review is to explore the similarities and differences between "awake" and "asleep" DBS techniques.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was carried out to identify relevant studies and review articles describing applications of "awake" or "asleep" DBS for Parkinson's disease. The surgical procedures, clinical outcomes, costs and complications of each technique were compared in detail through literature review.ResultsThe surgical procedures of awake and asleep DBS surgeries rely upon different methods for verification of intended target acquisition. The existing research results demonstrated that the stereotactic targeting accuracy of lead placement obtained by either method is reliable. There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes, costs, or complications between the two techniques.ConclusionThe surgical and clinical outcomes of asleep DBS for PD are comparable to those of awake DBS.© 2019 International Neuromodulation Society.

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