• Francesca Ratti, Erik Schadde, Michele Masetti, Marco Massani, Matteo Zanello, Matteo Serenari, Federica Cipriani, Luca Bonariol, Nicolò Bassi, Luca Aldrighetti, and Elio Jovine.
• Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy, ratti.francesca@hsr.it.
• Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2015 Jan 1; 22 (6): 1933-42.

BackgroundTwo-stage hepatectomy (TSH) is well established for the treatment of patients who have colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) with a small liver remnant. The technique of associating liver partitioning and portal vein occlusion for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) has been advocated as a novel tool to increase resectability. Using a case-match design, this study aimed to compare TSH and ALPPS for patients with CRLM.MethodsAll patients undergoing ALPPS for CRLM at three major hepatobiliary centers in Italy (ALPPS group) were compared in a case-match analysis with patients undergoing TSH (TSH group) at a single institution. The groups were matched with a 1:3 ratio using propensity scores based on covariates representing severity of metastatic disease. The main end points of the study were feasibility of complete resection and intra- and postoperative outcomes.ResultsThe two treatments did not differ significantly in feasibility. Two patients in the TSH group dropped out compared with no patients in the ALPPS group. A comparable volume gain in future liver remnant (FLR) was obtained in the ALPPS and TSH groups (47 vs. 41 %, nonsignificant difference) but during a shorter interval in ALPPS group. The overall and major complication rate was significantly higher after stage 2 in the ALPPS group (Clavien ≥ 3a: 41.7 vs. 17.6 % in TSH group; p = 0.025).ConclusionThe feasibility of resection using ALPPS compared with TSH for CRLM was not significantly greater, but perioperative complications were increased. Therefore, ALPPS should be proposed to patients with caution and warnings. Currently, TSH remains the standard approach for performing R0 resection in patients with advanced CRLM and inadequate FLR.

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