• Denise M Hynes, Michael Fischer, Marian Fitzgibbon, Anna C Porter, Michael Berbaum, Linda Schiffer, Ifeanyi B Chukwudozie, Hai Nguyen, and Jose Arruda.
• College of Public Health and Human Sciences and Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA. hynesd@oregonstate.edu.
• J Gen Intern Med. 2019 Oct 1; 34 (10): 2130-2140.

BackgroundIntegrating primary care has been proposed to reduce fragmented care delivery for patients with complex medical needs. Because of their high rates of morbidity, healthcare use, and mortality, patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) may benefit from increased access to a primary care medical home.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of integrating a primary care medical home on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for patients with ESKD receiving chronic hemodialysis.DesignBefore-after intervention trial with repeated measures at two Chicago dialysis centers.ParticipantsPatients receiving hemodialysis at either of the two centers.InterventionTo the standard hemodialysis team (nephrologist, nurse, social worker, dietitian), we added a primary care physician, a pharmacist, a nurse coordinator, and a community health worker. The intervention took place from January 2015 through August 2016.Main MeasuresHealth-related quality of life, using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL) measures.Key ResultsOf 247 eligible patients, 175 (71%) consented and participated; mean age was 54 years; 55% were men and 97% were African American or Hispanic. In regression analysis adjusted for individual visits with the medical home providers and other factors, there were significant improvements in four of five KDQOL domains: at 12 and 18 months, the Mental Component Score improved from baseline (adjusted mean 49.0) by 2.64 (p = 0.01) and 2.96 (p = 0.007) points, respectively. At 6 and 12 months, the Symptoms domain improved from baseline (adjusted mean = 77.0) by 2.61 (p = 0.02) and 2.35 points (p = 0.05) respectively. The Kidney Disease Effects domain improved from baseline (adjusted mean = 72.7), to 6, 12, and 18 months by 4.36 (p = 0.003), 6.95 (p < 0.0001), and 4.14 (p = 0.02) points respectively. The Physical Component Score improved at 6 months only.ConclusionsIntegrating primary care and enhancing care coordination in two dialysis facilities was associated with improvements in HRQOL among patients with ESKD who required chronic hemodialysis.

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