Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Gender and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in high-risk smokers.
Data suggest that women are more susceptible to develop airway obstruction compared to men for the same number of cigarettes smoked. ⋯ Using the GOLD criteria, the prevalence of COPD in smokers was higher than previous reports. In this self-selected sample of high-risk smokers having the same smoking history, prevalence was lower in women than in men, suggesting a lower susceptibility for the development of airway obstruction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Efficacy of nebulized flunisolide combined with salbutamol and ipratropium bromide in stable patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The efficacy of nebulized corticosteroids in the prevention of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been poorly studied. ⋯ Nebulized flunisolide is a good alternative to other inhaled corticosteroids when added to nebulized salbutamol/ipratropium bromide in the long-term treatment of moderate-to-severe COPD patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The effect of tiotropium on hyperinflation and exercise capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation, which results in the progressive development of dyspnea and exercise limitation. ⋯ Tiotropium 18 mug once daily reduced hyperinflation with consequent improvements in walking distance and HRQoL in patients with COPD and lung hyperinflation.