Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Current status of anticoagulation therapy for elderly atrial fibrillation patients in Japan: from Hokuriku atrial fibrillation trial.
The number of the elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasing, but the current status of anticoagulation therapy for elderly patients with AF in Japan is not clear. ⋯ The number of elderly Japanese patients with AF taking warfarin is currently low, but because the population of elderly AF patients will increase in the future, there is a need for safe and suitable anticoagulation therapy for elderly patients.
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There is controversy about longevity-associated factors, including environmental and genetic factors. Clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that multiple risk factors decrease life-span, but there has not been a definitive report regarding the association of risk factors with longevity. The ultimate aim of the present study was to prevent the overwhelming increase in life-style-related diseases by evaluating this association in 2 districts in Japan. ⋯ Life-style-related factors such as BP, exercise capacity and plasma adiponectin levels might play an important role in longevity, and those of HDL-C and TG, as well as glucose tolerance, might be associated with adiponectin levels.
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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of modified ultrafiltration (MUF) on neonates with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) undergoing arterial switch operation. ⋯ MUF brought improvement in blood pressure and gas exchange capacity and subsequent shorter ICU stay. MUF did not have significant impact on intubation time and capillary leak.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Diabetes mellitus does not affect jugular bulb oxygen saturation in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with the impairment of cerebral oxygenation during cardiac surgery. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DM on cerebral oxygenation assessed by jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjvO2) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (OPCAB) in a prospective controlled trial. ⋯ Cerebral oxygenation in diabetic patients was similar to that of non-diabetic patients and well maintained above the critical level without resulting in clinically significant postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction during OPCAB with no-touch aortic technique.
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Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnea (CSR-CSA) is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). However, some patients do not respond to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), so other therapeutic modalities should be considered, such as bi-level positive airway pressure (PAP), which also assists respiration and might be effective for such patients. ⋯ Bi-level PAP could be an effective alternative for patients with HF and pure CSR-CSA who are unresponsive to CPAP.