African health sciences
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African health sciences · Mar 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of a ketamine infusion on tourniquet hypertension during general anaesthesia in patients undergoing upper and lower limb surgery.
Tourniquet hypertension arising from tourniquet inflation remains a primary concern to the anaesthetist. One drug commonly used to manage tourniquet hypertension is ketamine. No studies have examined the effect of ketamine on tourniquet hypertension for a period of more than one hour or an infusion of the same. ⋯ Based on the results of this study, there was a difference in the proportion of tourniquet hypertension between the ketamine and saline groups for patients undergoing upper and lower limb orthopaedic surgery under general anaesthesia.
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African health sciences · Mar 2017
Meta AnalysisAssociation between ALDH2 Glu504Lys polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis.
The findings from studies on the relationship between aldehyde dehydrogenases(ALDH) gene Glu504Lys polymorphism and colorectal cancer(CRC) were inconsistent. ⋯ This meta-analysis suggests that the ALDH2 Glu504Lys polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to CRC. Furthermore, large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm these conclusions.
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African health sciences · Mar 2017
ReviewRole of contact tracing in containing the 2014 Ebola outbreak: a review.
The 2014 outbreak of Ebola virus disease which emerged in the month of March in the year 2014 in Guinea has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern. ⋯ The strategy of contact tracing has a great potential to significantly reduce the incidence of cases of Ebola virus disease. However, its success is eventually determined by the level of trust between the community and the public health system and the quality of the diagnostic & treatment services.
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African health sciences · Mar 2017
Diversities in timing of sexual debut among Nigerian youths aged 15-24 years: parametric and non-parametric survival analysis approach.
This study examined gender, generational, cultural and social diversities in timing of sexual debut among Nigerian youths and determined factors influencing the timings. ⋯ Females from poor households mostly in rural areas with no education and who married early in life were more likely to have earlier sexual debut. Both teenagers and young adults are on different trajectories of sexual debut but both urgently need sexual and reproductive health education to delay sexual debut.
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African health sciences · Mar 2017
Proportion and factors associated with low fifth minute Apgar score among singleton newborn babies in Gondar University referral hospital; North West Ethiopia.
New born babies with low Apgar scores are at an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. ⋯ Mainly obstetric factors contribute to low Apgar score. Improving labor management through implementing regular use of partograph, 1:1 midwife-client ratio and advanced electronic fetal monitoring technology is recommended.