African health sciences
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Prevalence and determinant factors of hookworm infection among school age children in Jawe district, NorthWest Ethiopia.
Hookworm infection is a common parasitic infection in sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence of hookworm infection is influenced by different determinant factors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hookworm infection and determinant factors among school age children in North West Ethiopia. ⋯ The prevalence of hookworm infection was high among school age children. Walking with bare foot, hand washing habit, and absence of proper latrine utilization are the major determinant factors for the high prevalence of hookworm infection. Therefore, community mobilization and health education should be done to decrease hookworm infection among school age children in Jawe district.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Comparative effects of glibenclamide, metformin and insulin on fetal pancreatic histology and maternal blood glucose in pregnant streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Oral hypoglycemic agents use during pregnancy was assumed to cause fetal macrosomia and skeletal deformities, and maternal complications due to significant transfer across placenta or ineffective control of blood glucose. ⋯ At the doses used in this research, metformin and glibenclamide showed no adverse effects on maternal and fetal features in the treatment of GDM. Thus, they can be used as safe and inexpensive alternatives to insulin.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Socio-demographic factors of early sexual debut and depression among adolescents.
Adolescent early sexual debut as it relates with socio-demographic factors and depression of secondary school adolescents. During the adolescent stage, attitudes, values and behaviours that shape a young person's behavior in the future develop. Age of sexual debut is generally low, yet there is dearth of knowledge on sexuality in the area of this study-Nsukka Education zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. ⋯ Age at sexual debut was found to be associated with younger age, gender, living with a one parent and parents' educational status.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Indonesia basic health survey: self-medication profile for diarrhea with traditional medicine.
In Indonesia, diarrhea is an endemic disease and often leads fatal and an outbreak potential. Diarrhea can occur for several days and often can be cured without any medication. Commonly, to treat diarrhea atthe first time is by doing self-medication. Basic health survey data in 2013 showed that 15.7% of Indonesian people kept and used traditional medicines (TM). ⋯ The study concluded that mostly people preferred to keep and use traditional Indonesian medicine produced by the TM national industry rather than others. Duration of use for self-medication in most of the households is thought to be appropriate.
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African health sciences · Sep 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of low-dose ketamine versus fentanyl on attenuating the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing general anaesthesia: a prospective, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial.
The use of drugs to attenuate the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is the standard of care during elective surgery. Current evidence is conflicting concerning the best agent and optimal dose for this purpose. In the majority of cases, fentanyl is widely utilized to attenuate haemodynamic responses. Ketamine, an established available drug, has been scarcely studied in this regard at low doses and against varying doses of other common agents. ⋯ We conclude, based upon findings in this study group, that there is no difference in the occurrence of hypertension with the use ketamine at 0.5 mg/kg in combination with Propofol at 2.0 mg/kg. In this regard, ketamine provides a viable alternative to fentanyl at 1.0 µg/kg for attenuating the pressor response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Additionally, our results suggest that ketamine may protect against post-induction (pre-laryngoscopy) hypotension.