African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2023
Nasopharyngeal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and staphylococcus aureus among urban Ugandan children post-PCV10 introduction: a cross-sectional study.
In 2013, Uganda introduced the PCV10 pneumococcal vaccine and it is given to children at 6, 10 and 14 weeks after birth. Carriage prevalence studies post PCV10-introduction are necessary for monitoring the impact of vaccination and trends in antibiotic resistance. Here, we studied carriage/antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from 194 children at the Mulago Assessment Centre clinic in Kampala-Uganda, 5 years post-PCV10 introduction. ⋯ Species co-carriage occurred in 32 children (17%, 32/194), predominantly multidrug resistant pneumococcus + H. influenzae (23 children). Furthermore, pneumococci were highly resistant to cotrimoxazole (100%), erythromycin (76%), and tetracycline (52%), 42% being multidrug-resistant. Overall, we note an increase in antibiotic resistance post-PCV10 introduction, and microbial shifts i.e., a decrease in pneumococcus, M. catarrhalis and S. aureus carriage and an increase in H. influenzae carriage suggesting vaccine-associated perturbation of the respiratory ecology.
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African health sciences · Dec 2023
A Cross-sectional study design of risk factors related to antenatal care service use among pregnant women in Sinana district, Bale zone, Ethiopia.
Maternal health refers to the well-being of women through pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Antenatal care refers to the care that is given to a pregnant woman from the time that conception is confirmed until the beginning of labour. Ethiopia was known in concert of the world's nation with primary maternal mortality proportions. The major goal of this study was to survey risk factors related with antenatal care service use among pregnant ladies at regenerative age. ⋯ Generally, the study showed that there was high variation among pregnant women not to utilize antenatal care benefits and the likelihoods of prenatal use were found to increase with the husband occupation, wealth index, age category 25-34, and husband education level.
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African health sciences · Dec 2023
Socio-demographic and food insecurity associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV adults in Ahmadu Bello University teaching hospital Zaria, Kaduna State Nigeria.
Socio-demographic characteristics may have an impact on HIV-positive people's prognosis and survival. In addition, food insecurity could make it harder for HIV patients to stick to their treatment plans as effectively as possible. ⋯ Food insecurity, employment, and marital status influenced adherence to ART. As a result, health care providers and HIV control programme implementers must continually emphasis and encourage strict adherence.
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African health sciences · Dec 2023
Assessment of malnutrition in patients undergoing chemotherapy at the National Oncology Centre of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.
Globally, cancer is on the rise despite several interventions. The link between nutrition and cancer has long been established with the consequences of poor nutrition on cancer pathway being dire. Early nutrition intervention is recommended for all cancer patients. ⋯ The PGSGA tool identified that more than half of the patients were severely malnourished hence the need for early nutrition intervention in cancer patients.
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African health sciences · Dec 2023
Associations between sexual violence and women's sexual self-consciousness.
Sexual violence is a global public health problem that has serious and multiple consequences for the victims' health. ⋯ According to the findings, there is a significant positive correlation between SSC and sexual violence, so prevention policies for sexual violence should be focused on skill-based programs and empowering women.