African health sciences
-
African health sciences · Mar 2024
Case ReportsA case report: recurrent anemia related to long term acyclovir use in a pregnant HIV infected Ugandan.
This case report describes a pregnant patient with recent diagnosis of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) infection initiated on Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) in the second trimester, as well as high dose acyclovir high for large infected genital warts. She had no other HIV related opportunistic infections, and no prior anti tuberculosis treatment or preventive medication. ⋯ On stopping acyclovir, the anemia subsided, a few weeks later she had a normal delivery, followed by surgical removal of the warts. At a follow-up 8 months later, she was well, with a healthy baby, and reported no other episodes of blood transfusion.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2024
The Frequencies distribution of CYP3A5 rs776746 and ABCB1 rs1045642 polymorphisms in the west Algerian population and relationships with pharmacogenetics.
Pharmacogenetic markers, such as the ATP Binding Cassette (ABCB1) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 enzymes, play a crucial role in personalized medicine by influencing drug efficacy and toxicity based on individuals' or populations' genetic variations.This study aims to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of CYP3A5 (rs776746) and ABCB1 (rs1045642) in the West Algerian population and compare the genotypes and allelic distributions with those of various ethnic groups. ⋯ The difference in the allelic and genotypic distribution of these polymorphisms emphasize the need for dose adjustments in drugs metabolized by CYP3A5 and transported by ABCB1 to optimize treatments outcomes.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2024
Barriers to enrolment of clients into community client led anti-retroviral therapy delivery (CCLAD) in selected health facilities in Kasese district, Uganda.
Community Client Led Anti-retroviral therapy Delivery (CCLAD) Model has been associated with increased community participation and ownership, which leads to better treatment outcomes with reduced workload and increased client satisfaction of health services. ⋯ Adoption of CCLAD model among PLWHIV in Kasese District is still low.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2024
Clinicopathological study of otomycosis in a tertiary hospital in South-west Nigeria.
Otomycosis is common in environments with hot, humid weather, and it may be challenging to manage. ⋯ Otomycosis commonly present with itchy ears, the pathogenic fungi commonly being Aspergillus species. The factors associated with positive fungal culture were age, non-usage of ototopic agents and presence of co-morbidity. Treatment modality used was local debridement and topical antifungal agents, which produced favourable response in most patients.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2024
The cytotoxic, genotoxic and mitotoxic effects of Atractylis gummifera extract in vitro.
The Mediterranean thistle Atractylis gummifera L. (Asteraceae; AG) has diterpenoid glucosides; atractyloside and carboxyatractyloside that interact with mitochondrial protein adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) and resulted in ATP inhibition. Despite its well-known toxicity, acute poisonings still occur with this plant. Although most symptoms are attributed to ANT and diterpenoids interaction, in-depth investigation of the effects of AG extract on various cellular processes has not been performed. ⋯ this work highlights cellular and mitochondrial adverse effects of Atractylis gummifera extracts. A purified fraction that likely corresponds to ATR derivatives induces MPTP opening leading to swelling of mitochondria and its dysfunction. Allium cepa test provides the evidence for A. gummifera genotoxicity and cytotoxicity.