Neurocritical care
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Meta Analysis
The Impact of Short-Term Hyperoxia on Cerebral Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Cerebral ischemia due to hypoxia is a major cause of secondary brain injury and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in patients with acute brain injury. Hyperoxia could improve energetic dysfunction in the brain in this setting. Our objectives were to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature and to assess the impact of normobaric hyperoxia on brain metabolism by using cerebral microdialysis. ⋯ Normobaric hyperoxia may improve cerebral metabolic disturbances in patients with acute brain injury. The clinical impact of such effects needs to be further elucidated.
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Acute blood pressure (BP) management in neurologic patients is paramount. Different neurologic emergencies dictate various BP goals. There remains a lack of literature determining the optimal BP regimen regarding safety and efficacy. The objective of this study was to identify which intravenous antihypertensive is the most effective and safest for acute BP management in neurologic emergencies. ⋯ Because of the very low quality of evidence, an optimal BP agent for the treatment of patients with neurologic emergencies was unable to be determined. Future randomized controlled trials are needed to compare the most promising agents.
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Meta Analysis
Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
The principal aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and intracranial hypertension (IHT) in patients treated for moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). A secondary objective was to assess factors associated with ICP monitoring. ⋯ The prevalence of ICP monitoring in moderate TBI is low, but the prevalence of IHT is high among patients undergoing ICP monitoring. Current literature is limited in size and quality and does not identify factors associated with ICP monitoring or IHT. Further research is needed to guide the optimal use of ICP monitoring in moderate TBI.
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Acute neurologic illnesses (ANI) contribute significantly to the global burden of disease and cause disproportionate death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) where neurocritical care resources and expertise are limited. Shifting epidemiologic trends in recent decades have increased the worldwide burden of noncommunicable diseases, including cerebrovascular disease and traumatic brain injury, which coexist in many LMICs with a persistently high burden of central nervous system infections such as tuberculosis, neurocysticercosis, and HIV-related opportunistic infections and complications. In the face of this heavy disease burden, many resource-limited countries lack the infrastructure to provide adequate care for patients with ANI. ⋯ Numerous opportunities exist to overcome these challenges through capacity-building efforts that improve outcomes for patients with ANI in resource-limited countries. These include research on needs and best practices for ANI management in LMICs, developing systems for effective triage, education and training to expand the neurology workforce, and supporting increased collaboration and data sharing among LMIC health care workers and systems. The success of these efforts in curbing the disproportionate and rising impact of ANI in LMICs will depend on the coordinated engagement of the global neurocritical care community.
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Editorial Comment Meta Analysis
Commentary: Perihematomal Edema and Clinical Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage; A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.