European journal of radiology open
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The connective tissue diseases (CTDs) demonstrating features of interstitial lung disease (ILD) include systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). In RA patients in particular, interstitial lung abnormality (ILA) (of varying degrees; severe vs. mild) is reported to occur in approximately 20-60 % of individuals and CT disease progression occurs in approximately 35-45 % of them. The ILAs have been associated with a spectrum of functional and physiologic decrement. ⋯ Even though proportions of ILDs vary, NSIP pattern accounts for a large proportion, especially in PSS, DM/PM and MCTD, followed by UIP pattern. Evidence has been published that treatment of subclinical CT lung abnormalities showing a tendency to progress to ILD may stabilize the CT alterations. The identification of subclinical lung abnormalities can be appropriate in the management of the disease and CT appears to be the gold standard for the evaluation of lung parenchyma.
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The aim of this study was to systematically reinvestigate the first human mummy that was ever analyzed with X-ray imaging in 1896, using dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) in order to compare the earliest and latest imaging technologies, to estimate preservation, age at death, sex, anatomical variants, paleopathological findings, mummification, embalming and wrapping of the child mummy from ancient Egypt. Radiocarbon dating was used to determine the mummy's age and to specify the child's living period in the Egyptian chronology. ⋯ Our results highlight the enormous progress achieved form earliest to latest imaging technology for advanced mummy research using the first human mummy investigated with X-ray. With the application of DSCT, detailed knowledge regarding age at death, sex, diseases, death, and mummification of a child from Ptolemaic Egypt are revealed while considering the temporary rites of body treatment and burial for children.