European journal of case reports in internal medicine
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Eur J Case Rep Intern Med · Jan 2021
Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava: A Finding After Central Venous Catheterization.
Persistence of the left superior vena cava (LSVC) is a rare anatomical variant in the general population, with an estimated incidence of 0.3-0.5% in healthy individuals. It may be diagnosed incidentally after imaging control of the placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) or other device. ⋯ Persistence of the left superior vena cava is an uncommon anatomical variant of the central venous vascular anatomy.It is generally asymptomatic, and its diagnosis is often incidentally made after certain procedures (central venous catheterization).Diagnosis through chest x-ray alone is difficult and should be complemented with transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography in order to minimize the complications inherent to central venous catheterization.
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Eur J Case Rep Intern Med · Jan 2021
Renal Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism Secondary to Vaccine-induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT).
The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) of the UK has approved the use of three vaccines to combat COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). There have been rare reports of thrombosis after vaccination with the AstraZeneca vaccine. We present three cases of vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) in one UK district general hospital following administration of this vaccine. Two of the patients had asymptomatic pulmonary emboli, while the other is the first known case of both renal vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
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COVID-19, also called severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), originated in Wuhan, China. It has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and has been declared a global pandemic by the WHO. Influenza occurs mainly during the winter, with the burden of disease determined by several factors, including the effectiveness of the vaccine that season, the characteristics of the circulating viruses, and how long the season lasts. We describe the case of a 66-year-old woman who was diagnosed with influenza A and COVID-19 co-infection.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a real-time bedside tool used by physicians to guide rapid, focused and accurate evaluation in order to identify or rule out various pathologies. We describe the case of an elderly man who had fallen at home 3 days previously and was hypoxic at presentation to the emergency department (ED). POCUS in the ED helped to identify a combination of lung and vascular involvement that indicated COVID-19 infection, which was confirmed by a laboratory test.
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Eur J Case Rep Intern Med · Jan 2020
Unusually Rapid Development of Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure after COVID-19 Pneumonia.
COVID-19 is a novel viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The mid- and long-term outcomes have not yet been determined. ⋯ The development of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure - in the absence of emboli on multiple CT angiograms - was most likely caused by progressive pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities combined with microvascular damage of the pulmonary arteries (group III and IV pulmonary hypertension, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, these complications have not previously been described and therefore awareness of PH as a complication of COVID-19 is warranted.