Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ)
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Jul 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of Dexmedetomidine with Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block.
Background Brachial plexus block is popular choice for upper limb surgeries and offers good and relatively safe anesthesia. Among various approaches supraclavicular approach is the most consistent method for anaesthesia and postoperative pain management in surgery below the elbow joint. Many drugs are used as adjuvants in brachial plexus block for faster onset, denser block and for prolongation of postoperative analgesia. ⋯ The mean duration of sensory block (838.70±164.11 min Vs 670.20±145.16 min), motor block (804.16±148.71 min Vs 594.93±53.89 min) and duration of analgesia (1193.80±223.11 min Vs 828.23±136.30 min) were significantly longer in Group RD compared to Group RS. The incidence of side effects in both groups were comparable. Conclusion From this study, it can be concluded that addition of Dexmedetomidine 0.75 mcg/ kg to 0.5% Ropivacaine results in early onset of sensory and motor blockade, prolongation of duration of sensory and motor blockade and duration of analgesia postoperatively without any significant side effects.
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Oct 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialAwake Fiberoptic Intubation in Cervical Spine Injury: A Comparison between Atomized Local Anesthesia versus Airway Nerve Blocks.
Background In cooperative patients with cervical spine injury, awake fiberoptic intubation is an excellent option for elective and semi urgent situations. It allows documentation of neurologic examination before and after intubation and surgical positioning. We have compared anesthesia of airway by nerve block and the local anesthesia atomizer undergoing awake fiberoptic intubation in cervical spine injury patients, in terms of the intubation time and discomfort. ⋯ Ease of intubation and patient comfort were significantly better in nerve block group. Demographic and hemodynamic parameters were comparable in the two groups. Conclusion The nerve blocks (bilateral superior laryngeal and transtracheal recurrent laryngeal) provides adequate airway anesthesia, lesser patient discomfort, and faster intubation to aid in awake fiberoptic intubation in patients with anticipated difficult airway as compared to topical anesthesia using atomizer.
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Oct 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of Posture on Post Lumbar Puncture Headache after Spinal Anesthesia: A Prospective Randomized Study.
Background Headache after lumbar puncture has long been attributed to early mobilization, and hence prophylactic bed rest had been standard protocol to prevent spinal headache after lumbar puncture. However, trend has been changing towards early mobilization to no need of bed rest at all after lumbar puncture. Objective To study the influence of posture in the incidence of post lumbar puncture headache in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Similarly, there was no significant difference of headache score, and the incidence of other complications like backache, nausea, vomiting and urinary retention between two groups. Conclusion There is no significant influence in the incidence of post lumbar puncture headache by early mobilization after spinal anesthesia. Hence, prophylactic bed rest following spinal anesthesia is of no benefit.
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Apr 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialUltrasound Guided Femoral Nerve Block to Provide Analgesia for Positioning Patients with Femur Fracture Before Subarachnoid Block: Comparison with Intravenous Fentanyl.
Background Positioning patients with fractured femur for subarachnoid block is painful. Intravenous analgesics or peripheral nerve block like femoral nerve block or fascia iliaca compartment block are some of the available techniques to reduce pain. We compared the efficacy of femoral nerve block and intravenous fentanyl in providing effective analgesia before positioning for subarachnoid block. ⋯ Level of significance was set at 0.05. Result FNB group had significantly less VAS scores (median) than IVF group :2 vs 3; p=0.037) during positioning for spinal anaesthesia. Procedure time (median) for spinal anaesthesia was also significantly less in FNB than in IVA group (10 vs 12 min; p=0.033) Conclusion Ultrasound guided femoral nerve block was more effective than intravenous fentanyl for reducing pain in patients with proximal femur fracture before spinal anaesthesia.
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Oct 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialThe Analgesic Effectiveness of Ipsilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Adult Patients Undergoing Appendectomy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.
Transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) has been shown to produce effective pain relief following lower abdominal surgeries but is yet to be routinized in different type of surgeries including appendectomy. The main risk of visceral injury can be logically avoided when the block is performed with the abdomen open using landmark technique in the absence of ultrasound guidance. Objective To assess the effectiveness of TAP block with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia using landmark technique (performed with the abdomen open) in adult patients undergoing appendectomy. ⋯ Mean tramadol requirement in the first 24 hours was also reduced (42.50±37.25 mg vs 120.00±55.18 mg; p<0.01). There were no significant complications attributable to the TAP block. Conclusion Ipsilateral TAP block with bupivacaine using landmark technique with the abdomen open in appendectomy provides effective postoperative analgesia and opioids sparing effect.