Pharmacogenetics and genomics
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Pharmacogenet. Genomics · Jul 2014
Review Meta AnalysisCOMT gene and risk for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene have been associated with the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis including all the studies published on PD risk related with COMT SNPs (mainly rs4680). We also reviewed the possible relationship of COMT SNPs with clinical, neuropharmacological, neurochemical, and neuroimaging features of PD. ⋯ The results of the meta-analysis suggest that the COMT rs4680 polymorphism is not a major determinant of either the risk for PD or clinical, neuropharmacological and neurochemical features of PD. Data on other COMT polymorphisms are scarce but do not suggest association with PD.
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Pharmacogenet. Genomics · Apr 2014
Meta AnalysisCHRNA3 and CYP3A5*3 genotype, lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the general population.
Genetic variations are most likely an additional risk factor besides tobacco smoking per se for the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we compared genetic variants influencing the effect of smoking on COPD, that is, the effect of the well-known splicing defect polymorphism, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746), identified before genome-wide association studies, with the genome-wide association studies identified CHRNA3 (rs1051730) polymorphism on the risk of decreased lung function and COPD. ⋯ The CHRNA3 genotype is associated with decreased lung function and risk of COPD among ever-smokers, whereas this was not the case for CYP3A5*3.
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Pharmacogenet. Genomics · Sep 2012
Review Meta AnalysisCatechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism and chronic human pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
In human studies, low COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) activity has been associated with increased sensitivity to acute clinical preoperative or postoperative pain. We explored the association between the COMT genotype and three chronic pain conditions: migrainous headache, fibromyalgia, or chronic widespread pain and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Furthermore, we evaluated whether COMT genotype affects the efficacy of opioids in chronic pain. ⋯ Findings from animal studies that have utilized COMT inhibitors elucidate the mechanism behind these findings. In rodent pain models, COMT inhibitors are pronociceptive, except for neuropathic pain models, where nitecapone was found to be antiallodynic. The complex interplay between enhanced adrenergic and dopaminergic activity in different parts of the nociceptive system probably explains the complicated actions of low COMT activity.