Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A Global Comparison of Anatomic Risk Factors and Their Relationship to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Clinical Samples.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a global health issue and is associated with obesity and oropharyngeal crowding. Global data are limited on the effect of ethnicity and sex on these relationships. We compare associations between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and these risk factors across ethnicities and sexes within sleep clinics. ⋯ We demonstrate ethnic and sex variations in associations between obesity and OSA. For similar BMI increases, South American patients show greatest AHI increases compared to African Americans. Findings highlight the importance of considering ethnicity and sex in clinical assessments of OSA risk.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Varying Hypopnea Definitions Affect Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity Classification and Association With Cardiovascular Disease.
To compare clinical features and cardiovascular risks in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on ≥ 3% desaturation or arousal, and ≥ 4% desaturation hypopnea criteria. ⋯ A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 1971.
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Multicenter Study
Craniofacial Phenotyping in Chinese and Caucasian Patients With Sleep Apnea: Influence of Ethnicity and Sex.
Craniofacial abnormalities are a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We have previously shown that phenotypic information derived from craniofacial photographs predict OSA in sleep clinic populations. However, there are likely ethnic and sex differences in craniofacial phenotypes related to OSA. We aimed to assess the use of craniofacial photography to identify interactions between OSA, ethnicity, and sex in craniofacial phenotype. ⋯ We provide evidence of ethnic and sex differences in facial phenotype related to OSA. Furthermore, we demonstrate that craniofacial photography can be used as a phenotypic tool to assess these differences and allow investigation of OSA phenotypes in large samples. This has relevance to personalizing OSA recognition strategies across different populations.
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Multicenter Study
Restless Legs Syndrome and Sleep-Wake Disturbances in Pregnancy.
To estimate the association of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and its frequency with sleep-wake disturbances in pregnancy. ⋯ A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 857.
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Multicenter Study
Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Hearing Impairment: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.
Sleep apnea (SA) may promote hearing impairment (HI) through ischemia and inflammation of the cochlea. Our objective was to assess an independent association between SA and HI in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants. ⋯ A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 641.