Obesity
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Frequent self-weighing as part of a constellation of healthy weight control practices in young adults.
Frequent self-weighing is linked with weight management success, but concern has been raised about its possible association with unhealthy practices. This study examined the association of self-weighing with other weight control behaviors in a sample for whom frequent weighing might be questioned--namely, normal-weight or overweight (BMI of 21-29.9) young adults (age 18-35). ⋯ In this sample, frequent self-weighing appears to be part of a constellation of healthy weight control behaviors used to counteract a perceived tendency toward weight gain. SNAP follow-up will determine whether frequent self-weighing helps prevent weight gain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Changes in food choice during a successful weight loss trial in overweight and obese postpartum women.
To examine changes in intake across food groups during a weight loss trial that produced significant and sustainable weight loss in lactating women receiving dietary treatment. ⋯ Lactating women receiving dietary treatment achieved sustainable weight loss through changes in food choice in line with current dietary guidelines.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Eight-year weight losses with an intensive lifestyle intervention: the look AHEAD study.
To evaluate 8-year weight losses achieved with intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. ⋯ Look AHEAD's ILI produced clinically meaningful weight loss (≥5%) at year 8 in 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes and can be used to manage other obesity-related co-morbid conditions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
An 8-month randomized controlled exercise trial alters brain activation during cognitive tasks in overweight children.
Children who are less fit reportedly have lower performance on tests of cognitive control and differences in brain function. This study examined the effect of an exercise intervention on brain function during two cognitive control tasks in overweight children. ⋯ Exercise may differentially impact these two task conditions, or the paradigms in which cognitive control tasks were presented may be sensitive to distinct types of brain activation that show different effects of exercise. In sum, exercise appears to alter efficiency or flexible modulation of neural circuitry supporting cognitive control in overweight children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Bile acids and gut peptide secretion after bariatric surgery: a 1-year prospective randomized pilot trial.
Increased delivery of bile acid salts (BA) to distal L-cells and altered TGR5 receptor activation may contribute to the early and substantial increases in gut peptide secretion seen after bariatric surgery. To further elucidate a potential role of BA in the secretion of GLP-1 and PYY, we analyzed plasma BA concentrations in 14 morbidly obese patients undergoing gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy in a prospective, randomized 1-year trial. ⋯ Based on these findings, BA do not appear to be key mediators of the early increase in GLP-1 and PYY response in post-bariatric patients.