Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry
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Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem · Jan 2019
Epidemiology and Adverse Consequences of Hookah/Waterpipe Use: A Systematic Review.
Hookah smoking is becoming a popular trend globally. Waterpipe smoking is the second most prevalent form of alternate tobacco products. The rapid increase in hookah use is because of the misconception prevalent in society that hookah smoking is less harmful than cigarette smoking. ⋯ Hookah smoking effects on cardiovascular disease is additive with hookah containing a significant amount of nicotine, tar, and heavy metals causing both acute and chronic effects on the cardiovascular system. These effects include increased heart rate, blood pressure, prevalence of coronary heart disease, heart failure, ST-segment elevation myocardial ischemia, recurrent ischemia, and worse outcomes including mortality related to these diseases. The objectives of the review are to assess the factor associated with the increasing use of hookah, its health effects, options for hookah smoking cessation, and public health policy initiatives to mitigate waterpipe use.
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Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem · Jan 2019
Artificial Blood: A Futuristic Dimension of Modern Day Transfusion Sciences.
Artificial blood is an innovative concept of transfusion medicine where specifically designed compounds perform the task of transport and delivery of oxygen in the body to replace this function of allogenic human blood transfusion. Several molecules have been developed in the past few decades to achieve this objective and continous refinements are being continuously made in the quest of the ideal blood substitute. Currently, available technology manufactures artificial blood from haemoglobin obtained from outdated human/bovine blood (Haemoglobin Based Oxygen Carriers) or utilizing Perfluorocarbons. ⋯ Artificial blood is projected to have a significant impact on the development of medical care in the future. It can complement the current blood products for transfusion and create a stable supply of safe and effective products. It is likely to reduce the requirements of blood transfusions drastically especially in settings of trauma and surgery thereby reducing the reliance on banked donated blood.
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Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem · Jan 2017
ReviewReversal of Newer Direct Oral Anticoagulant Drugs (DOACs).
Anticoagulation therapy is indicated for management of various clinical conditions to prevent adverse events and introduction of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has ushered in a new era in anticoagulation therapy. Major advantages of DOACS include fewer drug interactions and that they do not need periodic monitoring. Several patients who were not on anticoagulation before due to older age, polypharmacy/drug interaction concerns, and logistics of periodic monitoring are now on anticoagulation with DOACs. ⋯ So far only one reversal agent has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), idarucizumab for one of the DOACs i.e., dabigatran. Several other reversal agents are under final phases of development such as andexanet alfa and PER977 (ciraparantag) and will help in developing specific strategies for reversal of these agents. In this article, we review current strategies to manage bleeding with DOACs and provide guidance to clinicians of inhibiting LF activity in vitro and in cells, as well as in animal models of anthrax infection.
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Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem · Jan 2016
Observational StudyTapentadol PR for pain syndromes in real life patients with hematological malignancy.
More than 50% of oncohematological patients suffer from pain syndrome, mostly originating from the bone, which often include nociceptive and neuropathic complaints. Tapentadol, a recently available treatment option for cancer pain, exerts a dual analgesic mechanisms (opioid and noradrenergic), allowing for a high clinical efficacy as well as for a reduction in adverse events compared to traditional opioids. ⋯ In oncohematological patients on pain, tapentadol PR was effective and well tolerated, so representing a suitable treatment option in this difficult setting.
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Chronic angina represents a condition that impairs quality of life and is associated with decreased life expectancy in the industrialized countries. Current therapies that reduce angina frequency include old drugs such as nitrates, β -blockers and calcium antagonists. ⋯ The main molecular mechanism underlying ranolazine-mediated beneficial effects has been identified as inhibition of the late Na+ current during the action potential, which potentially improves oxygen consumption, diastolic dysfunction and coronary blood flow. The aim of this review is to update the evidence for ranolazine treatment in chronic angina and discuss its therapeutic perspectives based on the most recent clinical and experimental studies.