Journal of hospital medicine : an official publication of the Society of Hospital Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Subcutaneous methylnaltrexone for treatment of acute opioid-induced constipation: phase 2 study in rehabilitation after orthopedic surgery.
Methylnaltrexone has been shown to be effective for treating opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in chronic settings, but its effects on acute OIC have not been studied. ⋯ Methylnaltrexone was generally well tolerated and was active in inducing laxation in this study of patients experiencing acute OIC following orthopedic surgery.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Patient satisfaction with hospital care provided by hospitalists and primary care physicians.
Compared to hospital care provided by primary care physicians (PCPs), the hospitalist model provides equal-to-superior efficiency and outcomes; however, little is known about how the model affects patient satisfaction. ⋯ Patients appear similarly satisfied with inpatient care provided by several hospitalist models and by primary care physicians.
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Vancomycin troughs of 15-20 mg/L are recommended in the treatment of invasive staphylococcal disease, higher levels than previously recommended. ⋯ We conclude that nephrotoxicity, with higher trough levels occurring at ≥5 days of vancomycin therapy, was uncommon at our institution and typically reversible.
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Computerized clinical knowledge mana-gement systems hold enormous potential for improving quality and efficiency. However, their impact on clinical practice is not well known. ⋯ We found a very small but consistent association between use of UpToDate and reduced length of stay, lower risk-adjusted mortality rates, and better quality performance, at least in the smaller, non-teaching institutions. These findings may suggest that computerized tools such as UpToDate could be helpful in improving care.
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The effect of Medical Emergency Teams (METs) on cardiopulmonary arrests (codes) and fatal codes remains unclear and widely debated. ⋯ A hospitalist-led MET decreased code call rates but did not affect mortality rates.