Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
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The FIR phase II study (NCT01846416) evaluated the efficacy and safety of anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) atezolizumab in advanced NSCLC selected by tumor cell (TC) or tumor-infiltrating immune cell (IC) PD-L1 expression. ⋯ Atezolizumab monotherapy showed clinical activity in patients with NSCLC, including those with brain metastases; safety was consistent with previous trials. Atezolizumab has completed phase III monotherapy studies in second-line. Front-line trials are ongoing, confirming these favorable results.
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Case Reports
CUX1-ALK, a Novel ALK Rearrangement That Responds to Crizotinib in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. ALK receptor tyrosine kinase gene (ALK) rearrangement has been identified in 3% to 5% of patients with NSCLC. The most common ALK rearrangement is echinoderm microtubule associated protein like 4 (EML4)-ALK, with several variants that can be targeted by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib. ⋯ This study provides the novel finding of a CUX1-ALK fusion gene from a patient with NSCLC that could provide personalized treatment solutions for the maximum benefit to patients with NSCLC.
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Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) with synchronous ground-glass/lepidic (GG/L) nodules is considered a distinct disease entity in multiple synchronous lung cancers. Few studies have performed next-generation sequencing analysis of these synchronous sequential lesions, and genetic alterations of GG/L nodules must be further investigated. ⋯ This study suggests that ADC and synchronous GG/L nodules are genetically independent tumors. Intratumoral genetic heterogeneity of ADC was present, but driver gene mutations were homogeneously distributed. Driver gene mutations with a high variant allele frequency were identified in the invasive tumor. These findings support the relevance of molecular characterization of lung ADC and synchronous GG/L nodules.