Medicina
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This article is intended to review the effect of mindfulness-based interventions on perinatal mental health. A search of the literature published until September 2019 in the Web of Science (WOS) database was carried out. ⋯ The results found show that mindfulness-based interventions (IBMs) are more effective than the usual healthcare (TAU) that pregnant women receive for the reduction of depressive, anxious and perceived stress symptoms as well as increasing their postintervention mindfulness levels. For future research, a postpartum follow-up would be considered interesting taking into account variables such as the quality of the mother-baby attachment, adherence to breastfeeding and the evolutionary development of the newborn.
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Research about the academic profile of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) reports a variable performance, although it tends to be lower than what it is expected according to the cognitive level. In the school context, reading and writing are crucial abilities for learning in different curricular areas and they have important implications for academic, social and occupational success. A brief review is carried out about the main reading and writing disabilities that students with ASD show. ⋯ However, a lower performance in reading comprehension and, particularly, inferential comprehension has been frequently described. In addition, deficits in the different components of writing have been reported, especially, handwriting and text coherence. Different factors may explain this profile of difficulties, like linguistic factors or aspects related to the psychological theories of autism, which may contribute to possible interventions.
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Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. It affects ~5-10% of women in their reproductive years. When it affects the intestine, it tends to be confused clinically with a wide variety of affections, which is why it has sometimes been called "the great simulator". ⋯ With the purpose of highlighting clinical and diagnostic imaging characteristics that help the preoperative suspicion of this entity, so rare in routine practice, we present two cases of women who underwent emergency surgery, without a previous diagnosis of endometriosis and with intestinal occlusion as the first manifestation of the disease. Treatment of intestinal occlusion by endometriosis consists of intestinal resection of the affected sector and primary anastomosis. Diagnosis of intestinal occlusion secondary to ileal endometriosis is based on a high index of suspicion and should be considered in women of childbearing age, without a history of disease and with a history of painful menstruation.
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Inherited metabolism disorders are serious childhood diseases that lead to significant cognitive impairment and regression of psychomotor development. The pathophysiology of the neural progressive deterioration is usually associated with severe neuroinflammation and demyelination, and as a consequence, neurodegeneration. At the moment they have no adequate treatment and require early and aggressive therapeutic approaches, which entail high mortality rates and, very frequently, low degrees of functional improvement and survival. Bone marrow transplantation and bone marrow mesenchymal cells grafts are therapeutic and experimental therapies that improve the course of these diseases through different mechanisms of action: enzyme replacement, membrane exchange and regulation of the inflammatory process.
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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a qualitative alteration in social interaction and communication, associated with restricted interests and stereotyped behaviors. People with autism are four times more likely to develop depression, than the general population, it is even considered as the most common mental health condition in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). One of the challenges is to recognize the manifestations related to depression in people with ASD, in whom, in general, it is expressed differently in relation to those with typical development. ⋯ Many of them have a history of depression, harassment and loneliness. It is essential the early detection of depression, develop appropriate tools for diagnosis in autism as well as generate awareness of the risk of ideation or suicide, a problem that only in recent years has been addressed with greater depth. In this paper I analyze depression in autism, the risk of suicidal ideation and suicide, prioritizing clinical aspects, their evaluation and risk factors.