Journal of gastrointestinal cancer
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J Gastrointest Cancer · Mar 2020
The Diagnostic Value of Arginase-1, FTCD, and MOC-31 Expression in Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and in Differentiation Between HCC and Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to the Liver.
Early detection of small HCC and differentiation between HCC from AC metastatic to the liver is very essential for surgical pathologists, due to different treatment modalities. Immunohistochemistry plays a very important role in such conditions. In our study, we aimed to identify the diagnostic benefits of Arginase-1, FTCD& MOC-31 in the early detection of HCC in normal or cirrhotic liver, differentiation between HCC and metastatic ACs to the liver, and for early detection of small micro-metastases from ACs to liver. ⋯ The combination of Arginase 1 + FTCD + MOC 31 expression was helpful in diagnosing most cases of HCC and metastatic carcinoma with high sensitivity and specificity.
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J Gastrointest Cancer · Mar 2020
MicroRNA Expression and Correlation with mRNA Levels of Colorectal Cancer-Related Genes.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a family of non-coding RNAs, have opened a new window in cancer biology and transcriptome. It has been revealed that miRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate the gene expression and involve in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. Our aim was to examine the differential expression of miRNAs in a CRC and to correlate their expression levels with mRNA levels of CRC-related genes (K-ras, APC, p53). ⋯ Dysregulation of miRNAs and correlation with molecular signaling pathways designated a biological role for miRNAs in various cellular mechanisms underlying CRC. On the other hand, the pattern of miRNAs expression and its correlation with transcriptional status are helpful to discovery biomarkers and design therapeutics for CRC.
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J Gastrointest Cancer · Dec 2019
The Prognostic Value of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (Notch1, ALDH1, and CD44) in Primary Colorectal Carcinoma.
Cancer stem cells proved to have a vital role in cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) that subsequently lead to poor clinical outcomes. These stem cells may be a novel therapeutic target for the management of CRC progression. Signals of the Notch-1 pathway are responsible for acquisition of stem cell characters. ALDH1 and CD44 are usually detected in stem cells in colorectal cancer. ⋯ Expression of stem cell markers ALDH1, Notch1, and CD44 correlates with poor prognosis in a CRC and represents an independent prognostic factor. They are associated with a feature of epithelial-mesenchymal transition evidenced by their association with high tumor burden.
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J Gastrointest Cancer · Dec 2019
Multicenter StudyPlatelet and Neutrophil Counts as Predictive Markers of Neoadjuvant Therapy Efficacy in Rectal Cancer.
To investigate pretreatment platelet and neutrophil counts as well as a combined platelet-neutrophil (PN) index for prognostic information in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma that received neoadjuvant treatment. ⋯ In this retrospective analysis, the combination of higher platelet and neutrophil counts at the time of diagnosis had predictive value with respect to complete pathologic response to neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer.
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J Gastrointest Cancer · Dec 2019
Comparative StudyPredictive Significance of Mucinous Histology on Pathologic Complete Response Rate Following Capecitabine-Based Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Rectal Cancer: a Comparative Study.
Currently, neoadjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiation followed by surgery is considered the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. The current study aimed to investigate the predictive significance of mucinous histology on the pathologic complete response rate following neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer and to propose potential new treatment protocol for this specific histology. ⋯ Mucinous adenocarcinoma is a significant predictive factor for poor pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant capecitabine-based chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. New treatment modality based on biomarkers may be considered in future prospective studies because of MRC poor prognosis. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy may be an attractive option because of the tumor microsatellite instability-high status.