Injury
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Should unstable extra-articular distal radial fractures be treated with fixed-angle volar-locked plates or percutaneous Kirschner wires? A prospective randomised controlled trial.
Fractures of the distal radius are commonly treated with cast immobilisation; however, those potentially unstable injuries with dorsal comminution may need operative intervention. This intervention is usually with manipulation and Kirschner wires but advances in locking-plate technology have enabled surgeons to achieve anatomical reconstruction of complex fracture patterns, even in poor-quality osteoporotic bone. To ascertain if fixed-angle volar-locked plates confer a significant benefit over manipulation and Kirschner-wire stabilisation, we prospectively randomised 56 adult patients with isolated, closed,unilateral, unstable extra-articular fractures into two treatment groups, one fixed with K-wires and the other fixed with a volar locking plate. ⋯ These were statistically better in the plate group at 3 and 6 months. Radiological assessment showed statistically better results at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months, postoperatively. In the plate group, there was no significant loss of fracture reduction.
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Several authors have identified on admission haemoglobin level as the most useful predictor of transfusion risk in patients with a hip fracture. A low postoperative haemoglobin unexplained by perioperative blood loss is not uncommon in these patients. The drop in haemoglobin after re-hydration prior to surgery should depend not only on the degree of dehydration but also on the amount of blood lost in the fracture. ⋯ The on admission haemoglobin level was found to be falsely reassuring and could lead to a very low postoperative haemoglobin level. This could prove to be dangerous for many patients especially if remains undetected for several hours. We recommend that all patients with subtrochanteric fractures,and all patients with intertrochanteric or intracapsular fractures with a haemoglobin of less than 12 g/dL on admission have a repeat haemoglobin level performed prior to their surgery.
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To assess whether disruption of the posterior cortex of intracapsular femoral fractures leads to an increased incidence of complications following closed reduction and internal fixation by multiple cannulated screws in young adults. ⋯ As compared with a femoral neck fracture with an intact posterior cortex, a displaced femoral neck fracture with a disrupted posterior cortex increases the risk for avascular necrosis,redisplacement and shortening and raises the likelihood that prosthetic replacement will be needed.Orthopaedic surgeons should be aware of this prognostic factor.
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Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has become widely adopted over the last 15 years and over 1000 peer reviewed publications are available describing its use. Despite this, there remains uncertainty regarding several aspects of usage. In order to respond to this gap a global expert panel was convened to develop evidence-based recommendations describing the use of NPWT. ⋯ The present evidence base is strongest for the use of NPWT on skin grafts and weakest as a primary treatment for burns. In the consultative process, 11/12 of the proposed recommendations reached the 80% agreement threshold. The development of evidence-based recommendations for NPWT with direct validation from a large group of practicing clinicians offers a broader basis for consensus than work by an expert panel alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of soft-tissue serum markers in stable intertrochanteric fracture: dynamic hip screw versus proximal femoral nail—A preliminary study.
Prospective randomised comparative study. ⋯ The absolute values and temporal changes of serum markers were similar in the two study groups. These findings suggest that DHS and PFN fixation of stable intertrochanteric fractures produce similar levels of soft-tissue damage.