Injury
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Review Multicenter Study
Traumatic brain injury in older adults: characteristics, causes and consequences.
Traumatic brain injury is of particular concern in the older population. We aimed to examine the trends in hospitalisations, causes and consequences of TBI in older adults in New South Wales, Australia. ⋯ The rapid increase in hospitalised TBI is being predominantly driven by falls in the oldest old and the greatest increase predominantly in intracranial haemorrhages, highlighting the need for future research to quantify the risk versus benefit of anticoagulant therapies.
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Organ demand exceeds availability of transplantable organs. Organ procurement continues to suffer from failures to identify potential donors, inability to obtain consent for donation, as well as failures to retrieve certain organs as donor demographics change. The purpose of this article is to propose how sequentially introduced measures can increase organ donation rates as well as improve organ procurement. ⋯ Sequential improvements in organ procurement can increase the yield of retrieved organs. The same measures can be applied to other hospitals and lead to comparable improvements in organ donation.
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In an attempt to explore new tools for constructing a model of blast injuries to the human mandible, a finite element method was used. This model allowed us to perform dynamic simulations and analyse the injury processes and severity of trauma to the human mandible from an explosion striking at the middle mandibular angle. ⋯ The finite element model was able to dynamically simulate the blast-initiated trauma processes to a human mandible, which allowed for investigation of the severity of damage to the mandible under different injury conditions. This model and the simulation method are conducive for applications in basic studies and clinical investigations of blast-initiated injury mechanisms of bone tissues.
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Posteromedial ankle dislocation without malleolar fracture is a rare injury. Six patients who suffered from this injury were reviewed. ⋯ Those patients without chondral lesion have a good long-term prognosis if prompt reduction is performed. Associated chondral lesion is a significant contributing factor to late development of ankle osteoarthrosis.
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Review
Endovascular management of axillo-subclavian arterial injury: a review of published experience.
The role of endovascular treatment for vascular trauma, including injury to the subclavian and axillary arteries, continues to evolve. Despite growing experience with the utilization of these techniques in the setting of artherosclerotic and aneurysmal disease, published reports in traumatic subclavian and axillary arterial injuries remain confined to sporadic case reports and case series. ⋯ Endovascular treatment of traumatic subclavian and axillary artery injuries continues to evolve. Early results are promising, but experience with this modality and data on late follow-up remain limited. Additional multicenter prospective study and capture of data for these patients is warranted to further define the role of this treatment modality in the setting of trauma.