Injury
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The study aims to characterise the electrodiagnostic findings of patients with traumatic brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) in India and to analyse the association between aetiologies and levels of injuries. ⋯ Motorcycle crash is the most common cause of traumatic BPIs. Supraclavicular injury is the rule in most cases. Proper attention needs to be given to differentiate the mild to moderate injuries from the severe injuries with EMG techniques since most of the cases are severe. There was no significant association found between aetiologies and levels of injury.
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Trauma is a common cause of death amongst children/adolescents, and data on its epidemiology and pattern are crucial for policy formulation. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology and pattern of paediatric/adolescent trauma death in a Nigerian referral trauma centre. ⋯ Head injury following RTA was the major cause of paediatric/adolescent trauma deaths. Increased road safety campaign, appropriate injury control policies, legislations, enforcement, development of high-quality trauma system, and emergency medical services are advocated.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Effects of physician-based emergency medical service dispatch in severe traumatic brain injury on prehospital run time.
Prehospital care by physician-based helicopter emergency medical services (P-HEMS) may prolong total prehospital run time. This has raised an issue of debate about the benefits of these services in traumatic brain injury (TBI). We therefore investigated the effects of P-HEMS dispatch on prehospital run time and outcome in severe TBI. ⋯ P-HEMS dispatch does not increase prehospital run times in severe TBI, while it assures prehospital intubation of TBI patients by a well-trained physician. Our data however suggest that a subgroup of the most severely injured patients received prehospital care by an EMS, while international guidelines recommend advanced life support by a physician-based EMS in these cases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Continuous lateral rotational therapy and systemic inflammatory response in posttraumatic acute lung injury: results from a prospective randomised study.
The incidence of posttraumatic acute lung injury is high and may result in increased mortality. Changes in the body position are additional measures to improve pulmonary gas exchange and to prevent pulmonary complications. We investigated the effect of a continuous lateral rotational therapy (CLRT) on the inflammatory response in patients with posttraumatic lung failure. ⋯ CLRT may attenuate the inflammatory response to posttraumatic acute lung injury. The exact mechanism of such an effect is unknown.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A retrospective cohort study of suspected child maltreatment cases resulting in hospitalization.
Although the incidence and risk factors of child abuse have been well researched, there continues to be a need for large studies that provide information regarding the process of recognizing children whose health and lives are most seriously threatened by abuse and neglect, in particular children requiring hospitalization as a result of child abuse. The purpose of this study was to (1) describe differences in the type of injuries and illnesses of children hospitalized for abuse and neglect and (2) assess the relationship between in-hospital mortality and child maltreatment. ⋯ There were distinct diagnostic patterns and outcomes among suspected cases of child maltreatment admitted to Illinois hospitals over a 10-year period. This large retrospective cohort study confirms findings reported in many smaller studies and larger national cross-sectional surveys.