Injury
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Injury of the brachial plexus and peripheral nerve often result in significant upper extremity dysfunction and disability. Nerve transfers are replacing other techniques as the gold standard for brachial plexus and other proximal peripheral nerve injuries. These transfers require an intimate knowledge of nerve topography, a technically demanding Intraneural dissection and require extensive physical therapy for retraining. In this review, we present a summary of the most widely accepted nerve transfers in the upper extremity described in the current literature.
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Management of posterior tibial plateau fractures has gained much interest over the past few years. Fracture morphology, trauma mechanism, and soft-tissue injury have been identified as the key factors determining the treatment strategy and outcome. ⋯ Subsequently, soft-tissue injury might play a role in future classification and diagnostic work-up of tibial plateau fractures, particularly in fractures with posterior involvement. Plate osteosynthesis using a posterior approach is safe and should be considered routinely in coronal fractures of the posterior tibial plateau, as illustrated.
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Review Meta Analysis
Posterior tilt in nondisplaced femoral neck fractures increases the risk of reoperations after osteosynthesis. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
To conduct a systematic review on the effect of posterior tilt on reoperations, patient reported outcome measures (PROM) and functional outcome following osteosynthesis of undisplaced FNFs (uFNF). ⋯ A posterior tilt ≥20° leads to a higher risk of reoperations in uFNF. Even though the studies were of poor quality, the results suggest that we should include the measurement of posterior tilt in national guidelines.
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Review Meta Analysis
Posterior tilt in nondisplaced femoral neck fractures increases the risk of reoperations after osteosynthesis. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
To conduct a systematic review on the effect of posterior tilt on reoperations, patient reported outcome measures (PROM) and functional outcome following osteosynthesis of undisplaced FNFs (uFNF). ⋯ A posterior tilt ≥20° leads to a higher risk of reoperations in uFNF. Even though the studies were of poor quality, the results suggest that we should include the measurement of posterior tilt in national guidelines.
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Review
Musculoskeletal trauma imaging in the era of novel molecular methods and artificial intelligence.
Over the past decade rapid advancements in molecular imaging (MI) and artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized traditional musculoskeletal radiology. Molecular imaging refers to the ability of various methods to in vivo characterize and quantify biological processes, at a molecular level. The extracted information provides the tools to understand the pathophysiology of diseases and thus to early detect, to accurately evaluate the extend and to apply and evaluate targeted treatments. ⋯ Notably, the development of deep learning algorithms has offered novel methods that enable intelligent processing of large imaging datasets in an attempt to automate decision-making in a wide variety of settings related to musculoskeletal trauma. Current applications of AI include the diagnosis of bone and soft tissue injuries, monitoring of the healing process and prediction of injuries in the professional sports setting. This review presents the current applications of novel MI techniques and methods and the emerging role of AI regarding the diagnosis and evaluation of musculoskeletal trauma.