Chest
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of aerosolized adenosine 5'-triphosphate vs adenosine 5'-monophosphate on dyspnea and airway caliber in healthy nonsmokers and patients with asthma.
Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) causes neurogenic bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and coughs, and may play a mechanistic role in obstructive airway diseases. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of inhaled ATP on airway function, and to compare these effects with those of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP). ⋯ ATP is a more potent bronchoconstrictor and has greater effects on dyspnea and other symptoms than AMP in asthmatic patients. Therefore, ATP could potentially be used as a bronchoprovocator in the clinical setting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Dornase alfa reduces air trapping in children with mild cystic fibrosis lung disease: a quantitative analysis.
To evaluate quantitative air trapping measurements in children with mild cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease during a 1-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled, recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) [dornase alfa] intervention trial and compare results from quantitative air trapping with those from spirometry or visually scored high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans of the chest. ⋯ Quantitative air trapping is a more consistent sensitive outcome measure than either spirometry or total HRCT scores, and can discriminate differences in treatment effects in children with minimal CF lung disease.
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A restrictive pattern of left ventricular filling is often present in patients with severe heart failure. Although the hemodynamic effects of levosimendan have been studied, the effects of levosimendan on LV filling pattern have not been investigated. ⋯ Treatment with levosimendan improved measures of left ventricular diastolic function. Consequently, left ventricular stroke volume was increased.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pain and physical function are similar following axillary, muscle-sparing vs posterolateral thoracotomy.
We set out to determine whether there is a difference in postoperative pain and recovery after the patient undergoes the axillary muscle-sparing incision (ie, muscle-sparing thoracotomy [MT]) vs the modified posterolateral incision (ie, posterolateral thoracotomy [PT]). ⋯ When comparing patients who had undergone vertical, axillary, wholly MT to those who had undergone modified serratus muscle-sparing PT, postoperative differences in pain were not apparent. One should not anticipate reduced pain or more rapid overall recovery following MT, at least when epidural analgesia is used aggressively for perioperative pain control.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Enoxaparin in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolism: an individual patient data meta-analysis.
Low-molecular-weight heparins have been compared with unfractionated heparin (UFH) for treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, a comparison of their efficacy in the presence or absence of pulmonary embolism (PE) has not been studied. We estimated the efficacy and safety of enoxaparin vs UFH in patients with proximal DVT with/without symptomatic PE using a meta-analysis of individual data from randomized controlled trials. ⋯ The efficacy and safety of enoxaparin vs UFH for DVT treatment is not modified by the presence of symptomatic PE.