Chest
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Multicenter Study
Lung function and ischemic stroke incidence: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.
Few studies have examined the relation between lung function and ischemic stroke incidence; none have studied African Americans. ⋯ Among white subjects, participants with impaired lung function have a modestly higher risk of ischemic stroke even if they have never smoked nor had respiratory symptoms.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A statistical rationale for the use of forced expired volume in 6 s.
The purpose of the study was to determine the best surrogate for FVC when performing spirometry to detect obstruction or restriction. Volume-time curves from 3,539 participants in the Family Heart Study with acceptable quality test sessions were analyzed. An index of the variability of each timed volume (FEVx) from 1 to 12 s was determined for each subject. ⋯ Sensitivity was 76% before the 50-mL error analysis and 95% after. Specificity was 98% before the 50-mL error analysis and 99.5% after. We conclude that use of FEV(6) to replace the FVC for spirometry testing will result in improved reproducibility, with no significant loss of sensitivity or specificity, after allowing a 50-mL measurement error, for detecting obstruction or restriction.
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Multicenter Study
Risk factors for extubation failure in patients following a successful spontaneous breathing trial.
To assess the factors associated with reintubation in patients who had successfully passed a spontaneous breathing trial. ⋯ Among routinely measured clinical variables, RSBI, positive fluid balance 24 h prior to extubation, and pneumonia at the initiation of ventilation were the best predictors of extubation failure. However, the combined predictive ability of these variables was weak.