Chest
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Ultrasound accurately reflects the jugular venous examination but underestimates central venous pressure.
Bedside ultrasound examination could be used to assess jugular venous pressure (JVP), and thus central venous pressure (CVP), more reliably than clinical examination. ⋯ Ultrasound examination is capable of measuring accurately the JVP as judged from the internal or external jugular vein. However, like the JVP, ultrasound typically underestimates CVP. A systematic bias between UCP and CVP suggests the presence of a variable degree of venous tone, possibly signaling contraction of jugular venous smooth muscle.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The changing picture of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension in the United States: how REVEAL differs from historic and non-US Contemporary Registries.
REVEAL (The Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-term Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Disease Management) provides current demographics of patients with group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in the United States. ⋯ At diagnosis, REVEAL patients were older than NIH registry patients and similar in age to patients enrolled in contemporary registries. Compared with NIH and contemporary European and UK registries, there was a striking preponderance of women, and REVEAL patients were more likely to be obese. These observations and the difference in HIV-associated PAH between REVEAL and other non-US contemporary registries warrant further investigation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Performance of medical residents in sterile techniques during central vein catheterization: randomized trial of efficacy of simulation-based training.
Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a preventable cause of a potentially lethal ICU infection. The optimal method to teach health-care providers correct sterile techniques during central vein catheterization (CVC) remains unclear. ⋯ Simulation-based training in sterile techniques during CVC is superior to traditional training or video training alone and is associated with decreased rate of CRBSI. Simulation-based training in CVC should be routinely used to reduce iatrogenic risk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Resistance arm training in patients with COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of upper extremity resistance training for patients with COPD on dyspnea during activity of daily living (ADL), arm function, arm exercise capacity, muscle strength, and health-related quality of life (HRQL). ⋯ Resistance-based arm training improved arm function, arm exercise capacity, and muscle strength in patients with COPD. No improvement in dyspnea during ADL, HRQL, or symptoms was demonstrated.