Chest
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Multicenter Study
Statins reduce the risk of lung cancer in humans: a large case-control study of US veterans.
Statins are commonly used cholesterol-lowering agents that are noted to suppress tumor cell growth in several in vitro and animal models. ⋯ Statins appear to be protective against the development of lung cancer, and further studies need to be done to define the clinical utility of statins as chemo protective agents.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria and pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis.
Studies have shown that cystic fibrosis (CF) patients who are chronically infected with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria may potentially acquire new strains of B cepacia. Our objective was to determine whether pulmonary exacerbations of CF are associated with acquisition of new B cepacia strains or with B cepacia strain replacement. ⋯ Adult CF patients infected with B cenocepacia maintain the same strain of B cenocepacia during exacerbations; pulmonary exacerbations are not caused by acquisition of a new B cepacia species or strain. B cepacia isolates retrieved during exacerbations may be more resistant to antibiotics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Methylprednisolone infusion in early severe ARDS: results of a randomized controlled trial.
To determine the effects of low-dose prolonged methylprednisolone infusion on lung function in patients with early severe ARDS. ⋯ Methylprednisolone-induced down-regulation of systemic inflammation was associated with significant improvement in pulmonary and extrapulmonary organ dysfunction and reduction in duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of a walking aid in COPD patients receiving oxygen therapy.
To elucidate whether a simple walking aid may improve physical performance in COPD patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency who usually carry their own heavy oxygen canister. ⋯ This study suggests that a simple walking aid may be helpful in COPD patients receiving long-term oxygen therapy, particularly in those with lower residual exercise capacity.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Updated evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of lung volume reduction surgery.
The National Emphysema Treatment Trial, a randomized clinical trial of lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) vs medical therapy for severe emphysema, included a prospective economic analysis. We present an updated analysis of cost-effectiveness with 1-year additional follow-up data. ⋯ LVRS is costly relative to other health-care programs during the time horizon when costs and outcomes are known. The extended follow-up period offers more certainty regarding the long-term value and economic impact of this procedure.