The journal of trauma and acute care surgery
-
J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Apr 2015
Rapid measurement of fibrinogen concentration in whole blood using a steel ball coagulometer.
Fibrinogen plays a key role in hemostasis and is the first coagulation factor to reach critical levels in bleeding patients. Current European guidelines on the management of traumatic or perioperative bleeding recommend fibrinogen supplementation at specific threshold levels. Whole blood viscoelastic tests provide fast evaluation of fibrin deficits. Fast measurement of plasma fibrinogen concentration is not yet available. We investigated a method to rapidly determine whole blood fibrinogen concentration using standard Clauss assays and a steel ball coagulometer and provide an estimate of the "plasma-equivalent" fibrinogen concentration within minutes by adjustment of the measured whole blood fibrinogen concentration with a quickly measureable hemoglobin-derived hematocrit. ⋯ Fast whole blood fibrinogen measurements could be considered as an alternative to plasma fibrinogen measurement for acute bleeding management in trauma and perioperative care settings. Further studies are needed to prove this concept and determine the turnaround times for its clinical application in emergency departments and operating theaters.
-
J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA controlled resuscitation strategy is feasible and safe in hypotensive trauma patients: results of a prospective randomized pilot trial.
Optimal resuscitation of hypotensive trauma patients has not been defined. This trial was performed to assess the feasibility and safety of controlled resuscitation (CR) versus standard resuscitation (SR) in hypotensive trauma patients. ⋯ Therapeutic study, level I.
-
J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Apr 2015
Pathologic metabolism: an exploratory study of the plasma metabolome of critical injury.
Severe trauma is associated with massive alterations in metabolism. Thus far, investigations have relied on traditional bioanalytic approaches including calorimetry or nuclear magnetic resonance. However, recent strides in mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics present enhanced analytic opportunities to characterize a wide range of metabolites in the critical care setting. ⋯ In the future, the correlation between metabolomics adaptation and recovery outcomes could be studied by MS-based approaches, and this work can provide a method for assessing the efficacy of alternative resuscitation strategies.
-
J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Apr 2015
Ketamine reduces LPS-induced HMGB1 via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and NF-κB suppression.
Ketamine, as an anesthetic agent, has an anti-inflammatory effect. In the present study, we investigated whether ketamine inhibits release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a late-phase cytokine of sepsis, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages through heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction. ⋯ Ketamine inhibits the release of HMGB1 in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and this effect is at least partly mediated by the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and NF-κB suppression.
-
J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Apr 2015
Stimulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway with Wnt agonist reduces organ injury after hemorrhagic shock.
Hemorrhagic shock is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in surgery and trauma patients. Despite a large number of preclinical trials conducted to develop therapeutic strategies against hemorrhagic shock, there is still an unmet need for effective therapy for hemorrhage patients. Wnt/β-catenin signaling controls developmental processes and cellular regeneration owing to its central role in cell survival and proliferation. We therefore hypothesized that the activation of Wnt signaling reduces systemic injury caused by hemorrhagic shock. ⋯ The administration of Wnt agonist attenuated hemorrhage-induced organ injury, inflammation, and apoptosis. This was correlated with the preservation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Thus, Wnt/β-catenin activation could be protective in hemorrhagic shock.