The journal of trauma and acute care surgery
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Jan 2012
Enoxaparin and fondaparinux attenuates endothelial damage in endotoxemic rats.
Prophylactic use of anticoagulants for septic patients in intensive care unit is a standard therapy for the prevention of venous thrombosis. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of anticoagulants such as Factor Xa inhibitors and heparins. However, there have been no studies to examine the effects of fondaparinux and enoxaparin when applied in a sepsis model. Therefore, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects and bleeding events when these agents are applied in a lipopolysaccharide challenge model. ⋯ Fondaparinux and enoxaparin reduce organ dysfunction by decreasing endothelial damage. However, bleeding was more prominent in the fondaparinux group compared with the enoxaparin group at an equipotent dose for anti-Xa activity. Because the setting of this experiment is different from the clinical use, further study is required for the comparison of both pharmaceuticals.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Jan 2012
Ulinastatin protects pulmonary tissues from lipopolysaccharide-induced injury as an immunomodulator.
Organ protection is a routine therapy in patients with severe trauma, infection, and even multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Appropriate inflammatory response benefits organ function with sepsis. Our aim was to verify the immunoregulatory effects of Ulinastatin (UTI) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administrated mice. ⋯ Our results demonstrated that UTI reduced LPS-induced pulmonary injury. The mechanism of its action might involve the immunoregulation and the mitigation of excessive inflammatory reaction.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Jan 2012
Electroporation-mediated in vivo gene delivery of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump reduced lung injury in a mouse model of lung contusion.
Lung contusion (LC) is an independent risk factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome. The final common pathway in ARDS involves accumulation of fluid in the alveoli. In this study, we demonstrate the application of a potential gene therapy approach by delivering the Na+/K+-ATPase pump subunits in a murine model of LC. We hypothesized that restoring the activity of the pump will result in removal of excess alveolar fluid and additionally reduce inflammation. ⋯ Electroporation-mediated gene transfer of the subunits of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump enhanced recovery from acute inflammatory lung injury after LC.