Schizophrenia bulletin
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Schizophrenia bulletin · Apr 2019
Meta AnalysisDysconnectivity of Large-Scale Functional Networks in Early Psychosis: A Meta-analysis.
Increasingly, studies have identified abnormalities in the functional connectivity (FC) of large-scale neural networks in early psychosis, but the findings thus far have been inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify robust alterations in FC of the default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive networks (CEN), in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) using a meta-analytic approach. ⋯ These findings provide substantial evidence of widespread resting-state FC abnormalities of the DMN, SN, and CEN in early psychosis; particularly implicating DMN and SN dysconnectivity as a core deficit underlying the psychopathology of psychosis. Additionally, we highlight the importance of disentangling connectivity abnormalities resulting from disease processes, from those that result from antipsychotic treatment.
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Schizophrenia bulletin · Jan 2014
Meta AnalysisRisk of mental illness in offspring of parents with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of family high-risk studies.
Offspring of parents with severe mental illness (SMI; schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder) are at an increased risk of developing mental illness. We aimed to quantify the risk of mental disorders in offspring and determine whether increased risk extends beyond the disorder present in the parent. ⋯ Offspring of parents with SMI are at increased risk for a range of psychiatric disorders and one third of them may develop a SMI by early adulthood.
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Schizophrenia bulletin · Nov 2013
Review Meta AnalysisAdjunctive use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for schizophrenia: a meta-analytic investigation of randomized controlled trials.
To meta-analytically assess the efficacy and tolerability of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) vs placebo in schizophrenia. ⋯ These results indicate that adjunctive NSAIDs for schizophrenia may not benefit patients treated with first-line antipsychotics judged by PANSS total score change. NSAIDs may have benefits for positive symptoms, but the effect was minimal/small. However, due to a limited database, further controlled studies are needed, especially in first-episode patients.
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Schizophrenia bulletin · Nov 2012
Meta AnalysisWhite matter development in adolescence: diffusion tensor imaging and meta-analytic results.
In light of the evidence for brain white matter (WM) abnormalities in schizophrenia, study of normal WM maturation in adolescence may provide critical insights relevant to the neurodevelopment of the disorder. Voxel-wise diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have consistently demonstrated increases in fractional anisotropy (FA), a putative measure of WM integrity, from childhood into adolescence. However, the WM tracts that show FA increases have been variable across studies. Here, we aimed to assess which WM tracts show the most pronounced changes across adolescence. ⋯ These data highlight increasing connectivity in the SLF during adolescence. In light of evidence for compromised SLF integrity in high-risk and first-episode patients, these data suggest that abnormal maturation of the SLF during adolescence may be a key target in the neurodevelopment of schizophrenia.